Abstract
In the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, the dynamic nature of quantum systems causes noise sources to constantly vary over time. Transient errors from the dynamic NISQ noise landscape are challenging to comprehend and are especially detrimental to classes of applications that are iterative and/or long-running, and therefore their timely mitigation is important for quantum advantage in real-world applications. The most popular examples of iterative long-running quantum applications are variational quantum algorithms (VQAs). Iteratively, VQA's classical optimizer evaluates circuit candidates on an objective function and picks the best circuits towards achieving the application's target. Noise fluctuation can cause a significant transient impact on the objective function estimation of the VQA iterations' tuning candidates. This can severely affect VQA tuning and, by extension, its accuracy and convergence. This paper proposes QISMET: Quantum Iteration Skipping to Mitigate Error Transients, to navigate the dynamic noise landscape of VQAs. QISMET actively avoids instances of high fluctuating noise which are predicted to have a significant transient error impact on specific VQA iterations. To achieve this, QISMET estimates transient error in VQA iterations and designs a controller to keep the VQA tuning faithful to the transient-free scenario. By doing so, QISMET efficiently mitigates a large portion of the transient noise impact on VQAs and is able to improve the fidelity by 1.3x-3x over a traditional VQA baseline, with 1.6-2.4x improvement over alternative approaches, across different applications and machines.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | ASPLOS 2023 - Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems |
| Editors | Tor M. Aamodt, Natalie Enright Jerger, Michael Swift |
| Publisher | Association for Computing Machinery |
| Pages | 515-529 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781450399166 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 27 2023 |
| Event | 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2023 - Vancouver, Canada Duration: Mar 25 2023 → Mar 29 2023 |
Publication series
| Name | International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS |
|---|---|
| Volume | 2 |
Conference
| Conference | 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2023 |
|---|---|
| Country/Territory | Canada |
| City | Vancouver |
| Period | 3/25/23 → 3/29/23 |
Funding
This work is funded in part by EPiQC, an NSF Expedition in Computing, under award CCF-1730449; in part by STAQ under award NSF Phy-1818914; in part by NSF award 2110860; in part by the US Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Accelerated Research for Quantum Computing Program; and in part by the NSF Quantum Leap Challenge Institute for Hybrid Quantum Architectures and Networks (NSF Award 2016136) and in part based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. This work was completed in part with resources provided by the University of Chicago's Research Computing Center. GSR is supported as a Computing Innovation Fellow at the University of Chicago. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant # 2030859 to the Computing Research Association for the CIFellows Project. KNS is supported by IBM as a Postdoctoral Scholar at the University of Chicago and the Chicago Quantum Exchange. HH is supported by NSF (grants CCF-2119184, CNS-1956180, CNS-1952050, CCF-1823032, CNS-1764039), ARO (grant W911NF1920321), and a DOE Early Career Award (grant DESC0014195 0003). FTC is Chief Scientist for Quantum Software at ColdQuanta and an advisor to Quantum Circuits, Inc. This work is funded in part by EPiQC, an NSF Expedition in Computing, under award CCF-1730449; in part by STAQ under award NSF Phy-1818914; in part by NSF award 2110860; in part by the US Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Accelerated Research for Quantum Computing Program; and in part by the NSF Quantum Leap Challenge Institute for Hybrid Quantum Architectures and Networks (NSF Award 2016136) and in part based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. This work was completed in part with resources provided by the University of Chicago’s Research Computing Center. GSR is supported as a Computing Innovation Fellow at the University of Chicago. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant # 2030859 to the Computing Research Association for the CIFellows Project. KNS is supported by IBM as a Postdoctoral Scholar at the University of Chicago and the Chicago Quantum Exchange. HH is supported by NSF (grants CCF-2119184, CNS-1956180, CNS-1952050, CCF-1823032, CNS-1764039), ARO (grant W911NF1920321), and a DOE Early Career Award (grant DESC0014195 0003). FTC is Chief Scientist for Quantum Software at ColdQuanta and an advisor to Quantum Circuits, Inc.
Keywords
- error mitigation
- noisy intermediate-scale quantum
- quantum computing
- superconducting qubits
- transient error
- variational quantum algorithms
- variational quantum eigensolver
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Software
- Information Systems
- Hardware and Architecture