Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

Mengyuan Li; So Yeon Park; Jianxin Wang; Ding Zheng; Owen S. Wostoupal; Xudong Xiao; Zhenzhen Yang; Xun Li; Benjamin T. Diroll; Tobin J. Marks; Kai Zhu; Tao Xu

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852

Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

Mengyuan Li, So Yeon Park, Jianxin Wang, Ding Zheng, Owen S. Wostoupal, Xudong Xiao, Zhenzhen Yang, Xun Li, Benjamin T. Diroll, Tobin J. Marks, Kai Zhu^*, Tao Xu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

With the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), lowering fabrication costs for PSCs has become a prominent challenge for commercialization. At present, gold is commonly used as the back metal electrode in state-of-the-art n-i-p structured PSCs due to its compatible work function, chemical inertness, and high conductivity. However, the high cost of gold and the expensive and time-consuming vacuum-based thin-film coating facilities may impede large-scale industrialization of PSCs. Here, we report a bilayer back electrode configuration consisting of an Ni-doped natural graphite layer with a fusible Bi-In alloy. This back electrode can be deposited in a vacuum-free approach and enables PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 21.0%. These inexpensive materials and facile ambient fabrication techniques provide an appealing disruptive solution to low-cost PSC industrialization.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2940-2945
Number of pages	6
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	8
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852
State	Published - Jul 14 2023

Funding

T.X. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (DMR 1806152). T.J.M. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research Contract #N00014-20-1-2116. The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, Limited Liability Company (LLC), the Manager and Operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. We acknowledge the support on perovskite synthesis and device fabrication and characterization from the De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office. We acknowledge the support from Post Test Facility of Argonne National Laboratory, supported by Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work performed at Argonne National Laboratory’s Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), US DOE Office of Science User Facilities, was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry (miscellaneous)
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Materials Chemistry
Fuel Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852

Cite this

@article{b68c18e5f6244115a490bb7239581c0c,

title = "Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells",

abstract = "With the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), lowering fabrication costs for PSCs has become a prominent challenge for commercialization. At present, gold is commonly used as the back metal electrode in state-of-the-art n-i-p structured PSCs due to its compatible work function, chemical inertness, and high conductivity. However, the high cost of gold and the expensive and time-consuming vacuum-based thin-film coating facilities may impede large-scale industrialization of PSCs. Here, we report a bilayer back electrode configuration consisting of an Ni-doped natural graphite layer with a fusible Bi-In alloy. This back electrode can be deposited in a vacuum-free approach and enables PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 21.0%. These inexpensive materials and facile ambient fabrication techniques provide an appealing disruptive solution to low-cost PSC industrialization.",

author = "Mengyuan Li and Park, {So Yeon} and Jianxin Wang and Ding Zheng and Wostoupal, {Owen S.} and Xudong Xiao and Zhenzhen Yang and Xun Li and Diroll, {Benjamin T.} and Marks, {Tobin J.} and Kai Zhu and Tao Xu",

note = "Funding Information: T.X. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (DMR 1806152). T.J.M. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research Contract #N00014-20-1-2116. The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, Limited Liability Company (LLC), the Manager and Operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. We acknowledge the support on perovskite synthesis and device fabrication and characterization from the De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office. We acknowledge the support from Post Test Facility of Argonne National Laboratory, supported by Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work performed at Argonne National Laboratory{\textquoteright}s Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), US DOE Office of Science User Facilities, was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.",

year = "2023",

month = jul,

day = "14",

doi = "10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "8",

pages = "2940--2945",

journal = "ACS Energy Letters",

issn = "2380-8195",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "7",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

AU - Li, Mengyuan

AU - Park, So Yeon

AU - Wang, Jianxin

AU - Zheng, Ding

AU - Wostoupal, Owen S.

AU - Xiao, Xudong

AU - Yang, Zhenzhen

AU - Li, Xun

AU - Diroll, Benjamin T.

AU - Marks, Tobin J.

AU - Zhu, Kai

AU - Xu, Tao

N1 - Funding Information: T.X. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (DMR 1806152). T.J.M. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research Contract #N00014-20-1-2116. The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, Limited Liability Company (LLC), the Manager and Operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. We acknowledge the support on perovskite synthesis and device fabrication and characterization from the De-Risking Halide Perovskite Solar Cells program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office. We acknowledge the support from Post Test Facility of Argonne National Laboratory, supported by Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work performed at Argonne National Laboratory’s Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), US DOE Office of Science User Facilities, was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

PY - 2023/7/14

Y1 - 2023/7/14

N2 - With the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), lowering fabrication costs for PSCs has become a prominent challenge for commercialization. At present, gold is commonly used as the back metal electrode in state-of-the-art n-i-p structured PSCs due to its compatible work function, chemical inertness, and high conductivity. However, the high cost of gold and the expensive and time-consuming vacuum-based thin-film coating facilities may impede large-scale industrialization of PSCs. Here, we report a bilayer back electrode configuration consisting of an Ni-doped natural graphite layer with a fusible Bi-In alloy. This back electrode can be deposited in a vacuum-free approach and enables PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 21.0%. These inexpensive materials and facile ambient fabrication techniques provide an appealing disruptive solution to low-cost PSC industrialization.

AB - With the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), lowering fabrication costs for PSCs has become a prominent challenge for commercialization. At present, gold is commonly used as the back metal electrode in state-of-the-art n-i-p structured PSCs due to its compatible work function, chemical inertness, and high conductivity. However, the high cost of gold and the expensive and time-consuming vacuum-based thin-film coating facilities may impede large-scale industrialization of PSCs. Here, we report a bilayer back electrode configuration consisting of an Ni-doped natural graphite layer with a fusible Bi-In alloy. This back electrode can be deposited in a vacuum-free approach and enables PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 21.0%. These inexpensive materials and facile ambient fabrication techniques provide an appealing disruptive solution to low-cost PSC industrialization.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163296881&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85163296881&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852

DO - 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00852

M3 - Article

C2 - 37469390

AN - SCOPUS:85163296881

SN - 2380-8195

VL - 8

SP - 2940

EP - 2945

JO - ACS Energy Letters

JF - ACS Energy Letters

IS - 7

ER -

Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this