NMR Characterization of the Pore Structure and Anisotropic Self-Diffusion in Salt Water Ice

NMR imaging and one- and two-dimensional self-diffusion propagator measurements of the liquid phase in salt water ice are presented. The properties of the network of brine-filled pores are found to depend on the growth conditions of the ice. Two types of samples are compared: (a) shock-frozen ice produced in the probe in situ and (b) ice grown over several hours under controlled conditions. By shock-freezing, an ice structure could be produced which featured streak-like porous channels of diameters of up to 300 μm allowing almost unrestricted self-diffusion along one preferential axis but reduced diffusivities in the remaining directions. In ice grown under controlled conditions, the pore sizes are near the resolution limit of the imaging experiment of typically 50 μm. For this type of samples, strongly non-Gaussian self-diffusion propagators are obtained, indicating restricted self-diffusion on rms scales of 30 μm. Common to all samples was the observation of highly anisotropic self-diffusion. One- and two-dimensional propagators are compared in order to estimate the degree of anisotropy and the size of the restrictions.