Abstract
Purpose of Review: To summarize research from the last 5 years on the effects of weight loss treatments, including lifestyle changes, anti-obesity medications, and bariatric procedures on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and CVD outcomes in adults. Recent Findings: This narrative review includes and summarizes the contemporary evidence of the effects of these different weight loss approaches individually. A literature search was performed using the key words obesity, weight loss, CVD, cardiometabolic, and risk factors and included key clinical trials from the past 5 years. Obesity management through weight loss is associated with improvements in CVD risk factors, such as improved blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glycemic control, with greater weight loss leading to greater improvements in CVD risk factors. Bariatric surgery is associated with greater weight loss than the other procedures and treatments for obesity, and for this, and possibly for other reasons, it is associated with greater reductions in CVD outcomes and mortality. Summary: Obesity is an independent risk factor and modulator of other CVD risk factors, and thus, treatment of obesity should be an integral part of management strategies to reduce CVD risk. Future trials and real-world studies of longer duration are needed to inform providers and patients on how to individualize the approach to modifying risks of cardiometabolic disorders through obesity management.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 59 |
Journal | Current atherosclerosis reports |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2021 |
Funding
SJI is supported by a National Institutes of Health/University of Colorado Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health (BIRCWH) K12 grant (supported by NIH 5 K12 HD057022-13, PIs: Regensteiner JG and Santoro NF). LAA is supported by American Diabetes Association grant #21-CMF-003. AZ is supported by a National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases fellowship (NIH 1 F32 DK123878-01A1, PI: Zaman A).
Keywords
- Cardiometabolic
- Cardiovascular disease
- Obesity
- Risk factors
- Weight loss
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine