@article{d158b49c5639498a8a36b4466154411a,
title = "Partial Normalization of Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Activation among Virally Suppressed Men with HIV Infection and High ART Adherence",
abstract = "Background. The objective of this study was to investigate whether 100% antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence in men with HIV (MWH) is associated with normalization of concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation compared with HIV-uninfected men. Methods. We analyzed person-visits with available biomarker data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) among MWH receiving ART with HIV RNA <50 copies/mL and among HIV-uninfected men. Self-reported adherence was classified as 100% if no missed ART doses in the past 4 days were reported. We evaluated associations between ART adherence and concentrations of 24 serum biomarkers compared with HIV-uninfected visits using a generalized gamma model, adjusting for potential confounders. Results. Person-visits (2565 from MWH reporting 100% ART adherence and 1588 from HIV-uninfected men) from a total of 1469 men were included in the analysis. Serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), IL-1β, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), and CCL14 from person-visits among MWH who reported 100% adherence were similar to HIV-uninfected person-visits. Comparatively higher concentrations of 11 biomarkers and lower concentrations of 7 biomarkers were observed in person-visits from MWH who reported 100% ART adherence, compared with HIV-uninfected person-visits. Conclusions. Although MWH with virologic suppression who reported 100% ART adherence exhibited overall higher concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation compared with HIV-uninfected men, some biomarker concentrations were similar in both groups. These findings suggest that optimal ART adherence could have clinical implications beyond achieving and sustaining viral suppression.",
keywords = "Adherence, Antiretroviral therapy, HIV, Inflammation",
author = "Castillo-Mancilla, {Jose R.} and Brown, {Todd T.} and Palella, {Frank J.} and Macatangay, {Bernard J.C.} and Breen, {Elizabeth C.} and Jacobson, {Lisa P.} and Wada, {Nikolas I.}",
note = "Funding Information: Potential conflicts of interest. T.T.B. has served as a consultant for Gilead Sciences, Merck, ViiV Healthcare, BMS, EMD-Serono, and Theratechnologies. F.J.P. has served as a speaker and/or consultant for Gilead Sciences, Janssen, ViiV, Merck and Co, and Theratechnologies. B.J.C.M. has a research grant from Gilead Sciences. All other authors: no conflicts reported. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. Author contributions. J.R.C.M. led the conception and study design, generated the concept proposal, led the research team and interpretation of results, wrote the first manuscript draft, and performed all the edits for all the subsequent drafts. T.T.B. co-led the study conception, design, interpretation, and analysis, made substantial edits, and contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. F.J.P. contributed to cohort management, assisted with interpretation of the results, made substantial edits, and contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. B.J.C.M. contributed to the cohort, assisted with interpretation of the results, and performed manuscript editing and revision. E.C.B. participated in study design, performed oversight of the biomarker testing and analysis, assisted with interpretation of the results, performed edits, and contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. L.P.J. assisted with study design and data management, made substantial edits, and contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. N.I.W. co-led the study conception, design, and data acquisition, performed the statistical analyses, generated the tables and figures, assisted with data analysis and interpretation of the results, made substantial edits, and contributed to critical revision of the manuscript. Funding Information: Financial support. Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD). MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR001079 (JHU ICTR) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The research was also supported by the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN), sponsored by the NIAID, NIDA, NIMH, and the Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS; UM1-AI068613). J.C.M. is supported in part by NIH/NIAID K23 AI104315 and R21 AI124859. T.T.B. is supported in part by NIH/NIAID K24 AI120834. Funding Information: Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (Principal Investigators). Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph Margolick, Todd Brown), U01-AI35042; Northwestern University (Steven Wolinsky), U01-AI35039; University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Otoniel Martinez-Maza), U01-AI35040; University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo, Jeremy Martinson), U01-AI35041; the Center for Analysis and Management of MACS, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (Lisa Jacobson, Gypsyamber D{\textquoteright}Souza), UM1-AI35043. The MACS website is located at http://aidscohortstudy.org/. Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD). MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR001079 (JHU ICTR) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The research was also supported by the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN), sponsored by the NIAID, NIDA, NIMH, and the Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS; UM1-AI068613). J.C.M. is supported in part by NIH/NIAID K23 AI104315 and R21 AI124859. T.T.B. is supported in part by NIH/NIAID K24 AI120834. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1093/ofid/ofaa099",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "7",
journal = "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
issn = "2328-8957",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "4",
}
