Pharmacotherapy Adherence for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: Predictors and Relation to Child Outcomes

Asima Zehgeer, Golda S. Ginsburg*, Phyllis Lee, Boris Birmaher, John Walkup, Philip C. Kendall, Dara Sakolsky, Tara Peris

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Pharmacotherapy is considered an evidenced-based treatment for anxious youth. There is a need to better understand the relation between medication adherence and child outcomes. Objective: This study prospectively examined: (1) baseline predictors of adherence and (2) the relation between medication adherence and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Method: Participants were 349 youth randomized to sertraline, pill placebo, or sertraline plus cognitive behavioral therapy in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study and followed over 12 weeks. The measure of pharmacotherapy adherence used was pharmacotherapist (PT) ratings of adherence at each session. Four domains of baseline predictors were examined (demographics, child clinical variables, family/parent variables, and treatment variables). Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed few significant predictors of adherence. The most robust predictors of greater adherence were living with two parents and parents’ positive expectations that medication would lead to better outcomes. PTs ratings of higher adherence predicted higher global functioning at post treatment and treatment responder status. Conclusions: In order to increase adherence, improving expectations and instilling hope for positive outcomes and problem solving ways to overcome pragmatic barriers associated with single parent families is recommended. ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT00052078.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)633-644
Number of pages12
JournalChild and Youth Care Forum
Volume47
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 1 2018

Funding

Acknowledgements This research was supported the National Institute of Mental Health Grants U01MH64089, U01MH64107, U01MH64003, U01MH63747, U01MH064092, and U01MH64088 awarded to the PIs of the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study.

Keywords

  • Adherence
  • Anxiety
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
  • Life-span and Life-course Studies

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