Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive, chemically specific, and short-time response probing method with significant potential in biomedical sensing. This paper reports the integration of SERS with microneedle arrays as a minimally invasive platform for chemical sensing, with a particular view toward sensing in interstitial fluid (ISF). Microneedle arrays were fabricated from a commercial polymeric adhesive and coated with plasmonically active gold nanorods that were functionalized with the pH-sensitive molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. This sensor can quantitate pH over a range of 5 to 9 and can detect pH levels in an agar gel skin phantom and in human skin in situ. The sensor array is stable and mechanically robust in that it exhibits no loss in SERS activity after multiple punches through an agar gel skin phantom and human skin or after a month-long incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. This work is the first to integrate SERS-active nanoparticles with polymeric microneedle arrays and to demonstrate in situ sensing with this platform.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 6862-6868 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Nano letters |
Volume | 19 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 9 2019 |
Funding
The authors thank Ian Rubinoff and Pengxiao Hao with their support with OCT, Tirzah Abbott with her help with SEM, Eric J. Berns, Vitor Brasiliense, and Gyeongwon Kang for helpful discussions, and Shuangni Yang for her help with the experiments on human skin. We thank the Skin Tissue Engineering Core Facility in Feinberg school of Medicine at Northwestern University for providing us with human skin tissues. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program under Award No. W81XWH-16-1-0375. E.V.E. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DGE-1324585).
Keywords
- Plasmonic microneedle arrays
- SERS
- agar gel skin phantom
- human skin
- pH in situ sensing
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Bioengineering
- General Chemistry
- General Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Mechanical Engineering