Pneumothorax after serratus anterior trigger point injection

Musculoskeletal pain is a common presenting complaint in the primary care setting as well as in specialized orthopedic, physiatry, and pain management clinics. Commonly, trigger points are found to be the underlying cause of this pain. Clinically they present with localized tenderness that radiates in well-defined patterns that may mimic other commonly treated conditions such as cervical or lumbar radiculopathy. Trigger point injections are often performed to help relieve pain and are generally safe when done appropriately, but serious complications including pneumothorax can occur. Providers should be vigilant for signs and symptoms following trapezius, upper back, and thoracic trigger point injections so that prompt treatment can be provided.