Pre-diagnostic predictors of mortality in patients with heart failure: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

Mahsima Shabani, Mohammad R. Ostovaneh, Xiaoyang Ma, Bharath Ambale Venkatesh, Colin O. Wu, Harjit Chahal, Hooman Bakhshi, Robyn L. McClelland, Kiang Liu, Steven J. Shea, Gregory Burke, Wendy S. Post, Karol E. Watson, Aaron R. Folsom, David A. Bluemke, João A.C. Lima*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: There are multiple predictive factors for cardiovascular (CV) mortality measured at, or after heart failure (HF) diagnosis. However, the predictive role of long-term exposure to these predictors prior to HF diagnosis is unknown. Objectives: We aim to identify predictive factors of CV mortality in participants with HF, using cumulative exposure to risk factors before HF development. Methods: Participants of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with incident HF were included. We used stepwise Akaike Information Criterion to select CV mortality predictors among clinical, biochemical, and imaging markers collected prior to HF. Using the AUC of B-spline-corrected curves, we estimated cumulative exposure to predictive factors from baseline to the last exam before HF. The prognostic performance for CV mortality after HF was evaluated using competing risk regression with non-CV mortality as the competing risk. Results: Overall, 375 participants had new HF events (42.9% female, mean age: 74). Over an average follow-up of 4.7 years, there was no difference in the hazard of CV death for HF with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction (HR = 1.27, p = 0.23). The selected predictors of CV mortality in models with the least prediction error were age, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and diabetes, QRS duration, HDL, cumulative exposure to total cholesterol and glucose, NT-proBNP, left ventricular mass, and statin use. The AUC of the models were 0.72 when including the latest exposure to predictive factors and 0.79 when including cumulative prior exposure to predictive factors (p = 0.20). Conclusion: In HF patients, besides age and diagnosed diabetes or CVD, prior lipid profile, NT-proBNP, LV mass, and QRS duration available at the diagnosis time strongly predict CV mortality. Implementing cumulative exposure to cholesterol and glucose, instead of latest measures, improves predictive accuracy for HF mortality, though not reaching statistical significance.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number1024031
JournalFrontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume9
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 21 2022

Funding

This research was supported by contracts 75N92020D00001, HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, 75N92020D00005, N01-HC-95160, 75N92020D00002, N01-HC-95161, 75N92020D00003, N01-HC-95162, 75N92020D00006, N01-HC-95163, 75N92020D00004, N01-HC-95164, 75N92020D00007, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and by grants UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS).

Keywords

  • cause of death
  • cumulative
  • heart failure
  • mortality
  • prognosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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