Predicting damage to buildings from excavation-induced ground movements

This paper presents an overview of methods that can be used to predict damage to buildings as a result of excavation-induced ground movements. To make such a prediction, estimates are needed of the distributions of ground movements at the support level of a building foundation. These estimates can be made based on semi-empirical methods or results of finite element analyses. Semi-empirical methods that describe ground movement distributions both perpendicular and parallel to an excavation wall are summarized. Key issues related to the ability of finite element results to adequately predict such ground movement distributions are discussed. Damage predictions also must consider the type of structure that is impacted by the ground movements. In urban areas, one usually must evaluate the impact on the architectural finishes of structures or load bearing walls supported on shallow foundations. Methods to evaluate these impacts are reviewed and evaluated in light of their applicability. Copyright ASCE 2007.