Predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Completion Among Low-Income Latina/o Adolescents

Purpose: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to identify individual and interpersonal factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series completion in a sample of low-income Latina/o adolescent girls and boys. Methods: Caregiver–adolescent dyads (N = 161) were recruited from a rural Federally Qualified Health Center in southwest Florida when the adolescent (aged 11–17 years) received the first dose of HPV vaccine. Dyads completed a baseline assessment that measured demographic and cultural characteristics, past medical history, provider–patient communication, HPV knowledge, health beliefs about completing the series, and the adolescent's experience receiving the first dose. Using multivariable logistic regression, we identified caregiver- and adolescent-related factors associated with series completion (receipt of three doses of HPV vaccine within 1 year of initiation) as indicated in the adolescent's medical record and state immunization registry. Results: Within 1 year of initiation, 57% (n = 92) completed the three-dose series. Missed opportunities for completion were observed for 20% of the sample who returned to the clinic. Caregiver-related predictors of completion included education, self-efficacy to complete the series, and knowledge of the required number of doses. Adolescent-related predictors included age, influenza vaccination within the past 2 years, having a chronic medical condition, reason for the baseline visit, and receipt of written information about HPV vaccination from a health care provider. Conclusions: Findings highlight important opportunities for improving completion of the HPV vaccine series among Latina/o adolescents. Intervention efforts should involve health care providers and parent–adolescent dyads and prioritize evidence-based strategies for reducing missed opportunities for series completion.