Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV

Douglas M. Wallace; Maria L. Alcaide; William K. Wohlgemuth; Deborah L. Jones Weiss; Claudia Uribe Starita; Sanjay R. Patel; Valentina Stosor; Andrew Levine; Carling Skvarca; Dustin M. Long; Anna Rubtsova; Adaora A. Adimora; Stephen J. Gange; Amanda B. Spence; Kathryn Anastos; Bradley E. Aouizerat; Yaacov Anziska; Naresh M. Punjabi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258139

Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV

Douglas M. Wallace^*, Maria L. Alcaide, William K. Wohlgemuth, Deborah L. Jones Weiss, Claudia Uribe Starita, Sanjay R. Patel, Valentina Stosor, Andrew Levine, Carling Skvarca, Dustin M. Long, Anna Rubtsova, Adaora A. Adimora, Stephen J. Gange, Amanda B. Spence, Kathryn Anastos, Bradley E. Aouizerat, Yaacov Anziska, Naresh M. Punjabi

^*Corresponding author for this work

Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV. Methods Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status. Results The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/ fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS. Conclusions The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	e0258139
Journal	PloS one
Volume	16
Issue number	10 October
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258139
State	Published - Oct 2021

Funding

The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). MWCCS (Principal Investigators): Atlanta CRS (Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Anandi Sheth, and Gina Wingood), U01-HL146241; Baltimore CRS (Todd Brown and Joseph Margolick), U01-HL146201; Bronx CRS (Kathryn Anastos and Anjali Sharma), U01-HL146204; Brooklyn CRS (Deborah Gustafson and Tracey Wilson), U01-HL146202; Data Analysis and Coordination Center (Gypsyamber D’Souza, Stephen Gange and Elizabeth Golub), U01-HL146193; Chicago-Cook County CRS (Mardge Cohen and Audrey French), U01-HL146245; Chicago-Northwestern CRS (Steven Wolinsky), U01-HL146240; Northern California CRS (Bradley Aouizerat, Jennifer Price, and Phyllis Tien), U01-HL146242; Los Angeles CRS (Roger Detels and Matthew Mimiaga), U01-HL146333; Metropolitan Washington CRS (Seble Kassaye and Daniel Merenstein), U01-HL146205; Miami CRS (Maria Alcaide, Margaret Fischl, and Deborah Jones), U01-HL146203; Pittsburgh CRS (Jeremy Martinson and Charles Rinaldo), U01-HL146208; UAB-MS CRS (Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Jodie Dionne-Odom, and Deborah Konkle-Parker), U01-HL146192; UNC CRS (Adaora Adimora), U01-HL146194. The MWCCS is funded primarily by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), with additional co-funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institute On Aging (NIA), National Institute Of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke (NINDS), National Institute Of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute On Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute Of Nursing Research (NINR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), and in coordination and alignment with the research priorities of the National Institutes of Health, Office of AIDS Research (OAR). MWCCS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR000004 (UCSF CTSA), UL1-TR003098 (JHU ICTR), UL1-TR001881 (UCLA CTSI), P30-AI-050409 (Atlanta CFAR), P30-AI-073961 (Miami CFAR), P30-AI-050410 (UNC CFAR), P30-AI-027767 (UAB CFAR), and P30-MH-116867 (Miami CHARM). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Wallace, D. M., Alcaide, M. L., Wohlgemuth, W. K., Jones Weiss, D. L., Starita, C. U., Patel, S. R., Stosor, V., Levine, A., Skvarca, C., Long, D. M., Rubtsova, A., Adimora, A. A., Gange, S. J., Spence, A. B., Anastos, K., Aouizerat, B. E., Anziska, Y., & Punjabi, N. M. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV. PloS one, 16(10 October), Article e0258139. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258139

@article{a1abaeaa587f4694aa62e1d3544e125b,

title = "Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV",

abstract = "Background Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV. Methods Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status. Results The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/ fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS. Conclusions The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.",

author = "Wallace, {Douglas M.} and Alcaide, {Maria L.} and Wohlgemuth, {William K.} and {Jones Weiss}, {Deborah L.} and Starita, {Claudia Uribe} and Patel, {Sanjay R.} and Valentina Stosor and Andrew Levine and Carling Skvarca and Long, {Dustin M.} and Anna Rubtsova and Adimora, {Adaora A.} and Gange, {Stephen J.} and Spence, {Amanda B.} and Kathryn Anastos and Aouizerat, {Bradley E.} and Yaacov Anziska and Punjabi, {Naresh M.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.",

year = "2021",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0258139",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "16",

journal = "PloS one",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

number = "10 October",

}

Wallace, DM, Alcaide, ML, Wohlgemuth, WK, Jones Weiss, DL, Starita, CU, Patel, SR, Stosor, V, Levine, A, Skvarca, C, Long, DM, Rubtsova, A, Adimora, AA, Gange, SJ, Spence, AB, Anastos, K, Aouizerat, BE, Anziska, Y & Punjabi, NM 2021, 'Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV', PloS one, vol. 16, no. 10 October, e0258139. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258139

TY - JOUR

T1 - Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV

AU - Wallace, Douglas M.

AU - Alcaide, Maria L.

AU - Wohlgemuth, William K.

AU - Jones Weiss, Deborah L.

AU - Starita, Claudia Uribe

AU - Patel, Sanjay R.

AU - Stosor, Valentina

AU - Levine, Andrew

AU - Skvarca, Carling

AU - Long, Dustin M.

AU - Rubtsova, Anna

AU - Adimora, Adaora A.

AU - Gange, Stephen J.

AU - Spence, Amanda B.

AU - Anastos, Kathryn

AU - Aouizerat, Bradley E.

AU - Anziska, Yaacov

AU - Punjabi, Naresh M.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Background Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV. Methods Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status. Results The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/ fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS. Conclusions The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.

AB - Background Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV. Methods Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status. Results The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/ fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS. Conclusions The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.

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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0258139

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0258139

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VL - 16

JO - PloS one

JF - PloS one

IS - 10 October

M1 - e0258139

ER -

Prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome in men living with HIV

Abstract

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