Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Individuals With Dystrophinopathy at a Tertiary Care Center in Chicago

Objective: To study the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in individuals with dystrophinopathy compared with the general population. Methods: Retrospective chart review to examine the prevalence of ADHD and ASD, diagnosed both formally and informally, in individuals with dystrophinopathy receiving care in the multidisciplinary neuromuscular clinic at the Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago. Results: Our results demonstrate an ADHD prevalence of 18.40% and ASD prevalence of 12.73%, both significantly higher than those reported for the general population. Our results revealed a significant association between ADHD diagnosis and a positive family history but did not show a statistically significant association between prevalence of ADHD and the use of steroids. Conclusion: Based on our current study results, we plan to further evaluate the prevalence, in a prospective cross-sectional manner, using validated screens for both ADHD and ASD.