Programming “Atomic Substitution” in Alloy Colloidal Crystals Using DNA

Kaitlin M. Landy; Kyle J. Gibson; Zachary J. Urbach; Sarah S. Park; Eric W. Roth; Steven Weigand; Chad A. Mirkin

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03742

Programming “Atomic Substitution” in Alloy Colloidal Crystals Using DNA

Kaitlin M. Landy, Kyle J. Gibson, Zachary J. Urbach, Sarah S. Park, Eric W. Roth, Steven Weigand, Chad A. Mirkin^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Although examples of colloidal crystal analogues to metal alloys have been reported, general routes for preparing 3D analogues to random substitutional alloys do not exist. Here, we use the programmability of DNA (length and sequence) to match nanoparticle component sizes, define parent lattice symmetry and substitutional order, and achieve faceted crystal habits. We synthesized substitutional alloy colloidal crystals with either ordered or random arrangements of two components (Au and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles) within an otherwise identical parent lattice and crystal habit, confirmed via scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals information regarding composition and local order, while the magnetic properties of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles can direct different structural outcomes for different alloys in an applied magnetic field. This work constitutes a platform for independently defining substitution within multicomponent colloidal crystals, a capability that will expand the scope of functional materials that can be realized through programmable assembly.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	280-285
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nano letters
Volume	22
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03742
State	Published - Jan 12 2022

Funding

This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award FA9550-17-1-0348 (DNA synthesis and nanoparticle functionalization, fundamental colloidal crystal assembly) and the Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Award DE-SC0000989 (colloidal crystal assembly under magnetic field). Z.J.U. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. X-ray experiments were carried out at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team located at sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source (DOE DE-AC02-06CH11357). This work made use of the Electron Probe Instrumentation Center and BioCryo facilities of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental Resource (NSF ECCS-2025633), the International Institute for Nanotechnology, and the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1720139). Metal analysis was performed at the Northwestern University Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Center.

Keywords

Crystallization
Genetics
Lattices
Magnetic properties
Nanoparticles

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Bioengineering
General Chemistry
General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanical Engineering

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10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03742

Cite this

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title = "Programming “Atomic Substitution” in Alloy Colloidal Crystals Using DNA",

abstract = "Although examples of colloidal crystal analogues to metal alloys have been reported, general routes for preparing 3D analogues to random substitutional alloys do not exist. Here, we use the programmability of DNA (length and sequence) to match nanoparticle component sizes, define parent lattice symmetry and substitutional order, and achieve faceted crystal habits. We synthesized substitutional alloy colloidal crystals with either ordered or random arrangements of two components (Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles) within an otherwise identical parent lattice and crystal habit, confirmed via scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals information regarding composition and local order, while the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles can direct different structural outcomes for different alloys in an applied magnetic field. This work constitutes a platform for independently defining substitution within multicomponent colloidal crystals, a capability that will expand the scope of functional materials that can be realized through programmable assembly.",

keywords = "Crystallization, Genetics, Lattices, Magnetic properties, Nanoparticles",

author = "Landy, {Kaitlin M.} and Gibson, {Kyle J.} and Urbach, {Zachary J.} and Park, {Sarah S.} and Roth, {Eric W.} and Steven Weigand and Mirkin, {Chad A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award FA9550-17-1-0348 (DNA synthesis and nanoparticle functionalization, fundamental colloidal crystal assembly) and the Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Award DE-SC0000989 (colloidal crystal assembly under magnetic field). Z.J.U. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. X-ray experiments were carried out at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team located at sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source (DOE DE-AC02-06CH11357). This work made use of the Electron Probe Instrumentation Center and BioCryo facilities of Northwestern University{\textquoteright}s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental Resource (NSF ECCS-2025633), the International Institute for Nanotechnology, and the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1720139). Metal analysis was performed at the Northwestern University Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Center. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 American Chemical Society",

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doi = "10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03742",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Gibson, Kyle J.

AU - Urbach, Zachary J.

AU - Park, Sarah S.

AU - Roth, Eric W.

AU - Weigand, Steven

AU - Mirkin, Chad A.

N1 - Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Award FA9550-17-1-0348 (DNA synthesis and nanoparticle functionalization, fundamental colloidal crystal assembly) and the Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Award DE-SC0000989 (colloidal crystal assembly under magnetic field). Z.J.U. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. X-ray experiments were carried out at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team located at sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source (DOE DE-AC02-06CH11357). This work made use of the Electron Probe Instrumentation Center and BioCryo facilities of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental Resource (NSF ECCS-2025633), the International Institute for Nanotechnology, and the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1720139). Metal analysis was performed at the Northwestern University Quantitative Bio-element Imaging Center. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 American Chemical Society

PY - 2022/1/12

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N2 - Although examples of colloidal crystal analogues to metal alloys have been reported, general routes for preparing 3D analogues to random substitutional alloys do not exist. Here, we use the programmability of DNA (length and sequence) to match nanoparticle component sizes, define parent lattice symmetry and substitutional order, and achieve faceted crystal habits. We synthesized substitutional alloy colloidal crystals with either ordered or random arrangements of two components (Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles) within an otherwise identical parent lattice and crystal habit, confirmed via scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals information regarding composition and local order, while the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles can direct different structural outcomes for different alloys in an applied magnetic field. This work constitutes a platform for independently defining substitution within multicomponent colloidal crystals, a capability that will expand the scope of functional materials that can be realized through programmable assembly.

AB - Although examples of colloidal crystal analogues to metal alloys have been reported, general routes for preparing 3D analogues to random substitutional alloys do not exist. Here, we use the programmability of DNA (length and sequence) to match nanoparticle component sizes, define parent lattice symmetry and substitutional order, and achieve faceted crystal habits. We synthesized substitutional alloy colloidal crystals with either ordered or random arrangements of two components (Au and Fe3O4 nanoparticles) within an otherwise identical parent lattice and crystal habit, confirmed via scanning electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals information regarding composition and local order, while the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles can direct different structural outcomes for different alloys in an applied magnetic field. This work constitutes a platform for independently defining substitution within multicomponent colloidal crystals, a capability that will expand the scope of functional materials that can be realized through programmable assembly.

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KW - Genetics

KW - Lattices

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KW - Nanoparticles

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Programming “Atomic Substitution” in Alloy Colloidal Crystals Using DNA

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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