Purification and properties of human placental acid lipase

Two peaks of lysosomal acid lipase activity were purified from normal human placenta. Acid lipase I, with an estimated molecular weight of 102 500, was purified 1016-fold while acid lipase II, with an estimated molecular weight of 30 600, was purified 3031-fold. The final yields of enzyme activity for acid lipase I and II were 0.9% and 2.2% respectively. The purity of the final preparations was documented by demonstration of a single protein band on polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Both preparations of the purified enzyme demonstrated activity towards triolein, cholesteryl oleate and the artificial substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate. Examination of K_m values, thermal stability, pH optima, and electrophoretic mobility revealed similar properties for the two enzyme peaks. The response of the two enzyme preparations to inhibitors was similar with both being significantly inhibited by 0.2 M Nad, 0.2 M KC1, 5 mM HgCl₂ and 5 mM p-chloromercuribenzoate. The activity of the two preparations as assayed with either triolein or cholesterol oleate was not significantly affected by the addition of bovine serum albumin. In contrast, the 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate activity of both preparations was significantly inhibited by albumin. These findings support the hypothesis that the same enzyme or enzymes are responsible for the intralysosomal hydrolysis of triacylglycerols and cholesterol esters in human tissues.