Racial differences of incident diabetes postpartum in women with a history of gestational diabetes

Yun Shen; Lifang Hou; Huikun Liu; Leishen Wang; Junhong Leng; Weiqin Li; Gang Hu

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107472

Racial differences of incident diabetes postpartum in women with a history of gestational diabetes

Yun Shen, Lifang Hou, Huikun Liu, Leishen Wang, Junhong Leng, Weiqin Li, Gang Hu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Preventive Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the race-specific association between a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and incidence of type 2 diabetes and evaluate how the risk changed over different years after delivery. Methods: We performed two large cohorts - the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort and the Tianjin GDM Observational Study. The multivariate cox regression model was used to assess the risk of incident postpartum diabetes between women with and without prior GDM. Results: During a mean follow-up of 13.8 years, 405 women developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, Chinese women with GDM had a higher risk of incident diabetes within 5 years postpartum than African Americans with GDM compared with Chinese and African Americans without GDM (Hazard ratio 71.5 in Chinese vs. 9.29 in African Americans). When the risk of incident diabetes was analyzed within 10 years, white women with GDM seemed to have a higher hazard ratio than African American and Chinese women with GDM compared with non-GDM women of different races. In comparison to African American women without GDM, the highest risk of type 2 diabetes over 10 years postpartum appeared in Chinese women with GDM, followed by African American women with GDM, and the smallest risk was seen in white women with GDM. Conclusions: Different genetic backgrounds and other risk factors among women of different races might contribute to the racial differences in the incidence of diabetes postpartum among women with GDM.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	107472
Journal	Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
Volume	33
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107472
State	Published - Dec 2019

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and generosity of Dr. Erica P. Gunderson from Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, without which the present study could not have been completed. Tianjin GDM Observational study is supported by the grant from European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD)/Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS)/Lilly programme for Collaborative Research between China and Europe, Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, and Tianjin Public Health Bureau. Dr. Hu was partly supported by the grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK100790) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U54GM104940) of the National Institutes of Health.The CARDIA is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with The University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201300025C and HHSN268201300026C), Northwestern University (HHSN268201300027C), University of Minnesota (HHSN268201300028C), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Northern California (HHSN268201300029C), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (HHSN268200900041C). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI (AG0005). Tianjin GDM Observational study is supported by the grant from European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD)/ Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS)/Lilly programme for Collaborative Research between China and Europe, Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center , and Tianjin Public Health Bureau . Dr. Hu was partly supported by the grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases ( R01DK100790 ) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences ( U54GM104940 ) of the National Institutes of Health . The CARDIA is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with The University of Alabama at Birmingham ( HHSN268201300025C and HHSN268201300026C ), Northwestern University ( HHSN268201300027C ), University of Minnesota ( HHSN268201300028C ), Kaiser Foundation Research Institute , Northern California ( HHSN268201300029C ), and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ( HHSN268200900041C ). CARDIA is also partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and an intra-agency agreement between NIA and NHLBI ( AG0005 ). The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript, and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Keywords

Gestational diabetes
Postpartum diabetes
Racial differences

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107472

Cite this

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title = "Racial differences of incident diabetes postpartum in women with a history of gestational diabetes",

abstract = "Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the race-specific association between a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and incidence of type 2 diabetes and evaluate how the risk changed over different years after delivery. Methods: We performed two large cohorts - the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort and the Tianjin GDM Observational Study. The multivariate cox regression model was used to assess the risk of incident postpartum diabetes between women with and without prior GDM. Results: During a mean follow-up of 13.8 years, 405 women developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, Chinese women with GDM had a higher risk of incident diabetes within 5 years postpartum than African Americans with GDM compared with Chinese and African Americans without GDM (Hazard ratio 71.5 in Chinese vs. 9.29 in African Americans). When the risk of incident diabetes was analyzed within 10 years, white women with GDM seemed to have a higher hazard ratio than African American and Chinese women with GDM compared with non-GDM women of different races. In comparison to African American women without GDM, the highest risk of type 2 diabetes over 10 years postpartum appeared in Chinese women with GDM, followed by African American women with GDM, and the smallest risk was seen in white women with GDM. Conclusions: Different genetic backgrounds and other risk factors among women of different races might contribute to the racial differences in the incidence of diabetes postpartum among women with GDM.",

keywords = "Gestational diabetes, Postpartum diabetes, Racial differences",

author = "Yun Shen and Lifang Hou and Huikun Liu and Leishen Wang and Junhong Leng and Weiqin Li and Gang Hu",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107472",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Shen, Yun

AU - Hou, Lifang

AU - Liu, Huikun

AU - Wang, Leishen

AU - Leng, Junhong

AU - Li, Weiqin

AU - Hu, Gang

PY - 2019/12

Y1 - 2019/12

N2 - Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the race-specific association between a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and incidence of type 2 diabetes and evaluate how the risk changed over different years after delivery. Methods: We performed two large cohorts - the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort and the Tianjin GDM Observational Study. The multivariate cox regression model was used to assess the risk of incident postpartum diabetes between women with and without prior GDM. Results: During a mean follow-up of 13.8 years, 405 women developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, Chinese women with GDM had a higher risk of incident diabetes within 5 years postpartum than African Americans with GDM compared with Chinese and African Americans without GDM (Hazard ratio 71.5 in Chinese vs. 9.29 in African Americans). When the risk of incident diabetes was analyzed within 10 years, white women with GDM seemed to have a higher hazard ratio than African American and Chinese women with GDM compared with non-GDM women of different races. In comparison to African American women without GDM, the highest risk of type 2 diabetes over 10 years postpartum appeared in Chinese women with GDM, followed by African American women with GDM, and the smallest risk was seen in white women with GDM. Conclusions: Different genetic backgrounds and other risk factors among women of different races might contribute to the racial differences in the incidence of diabetes postpartum among women with GDM.

AB - Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the race-specific association between a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and incidence of type 2 diabetes and evaluate how the risk changed over different years after delivery. Methods: We performed two large cohorts - the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort and the Tianjin GDM Observational Study. The multivariate cox regression model was used to assess the risk of incident postpartum diabetes between women with and without prior GDM. Results: During a mean follow-up of 13.8 years, 405 women developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, Chinese women with GDM had a higher risk of incident diabetes within 5 years postpartum than African Americans with GDM compared with Chinese and African Americans without GDM (Hazard ratio 71.5 in Chinese vs. 9.29 in African Americans). When the risk of incident diabetes was analyzed within 10 years, white women with GDM seemed to have a higher hazard ratio than African American and Chinese women with GDM compared with non-GDM women of different races. In comparison to African American women without GDM, the highest risk of type 2 diabetes over 10 years postpartum appeared in Chinese women with GDM, followed by African American women with GDM, and the smallest risk was seen in white women with GDM. Conclusions: Different genetic backgrounds and other risk factors among women of different races might contribute to the racial differences in the incidence of diabetes postpartum among women with GDM.

KW - Gestational diabetes

KW - Postpartum diabetes

KW - Racial differences

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Racial differences of incident diabetes postpartum in women with a history of gestational diabetes

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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