TY - JOUR
T1 - Reaching the Tipping Point
T2 - Identification of Thresholds at which Visceral Adipose Tissue May Steeply Increase in Youth
AU - Kelly, Aaron S.
AU - Kaizer, Alexander M.
AU - Bosch, Tyler A.
AU - Rudser, Kyle D.
AU - Ryder, Justin R.
AU - Gross, Amy C.
AU - Chow, Lisa S.
AU - Fox, Claudia K.
AU - Dengel, Donald R.
N1 - Funding Information:
agencies: Funding for this project was provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH (R01HL110957), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH (R01DK105953, R01DK113631, and P30 DK050456), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/NIH (UL1TR000114). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIH.The authors would like to thank the individuals who participated in the study. We are grateful for the expert study coordination provided by Ms. Annie Sheldon, Ms. Erin Hurley, Ms. Cameron Naughton, Mr. Neil Hultgren, Ms. Patti Laqua, and Ms. Kristin Garcia.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Obesity Society
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Objective: This study aimed to determine whether children and adolescents demonstrate, similarly to adults, a threshold of total percent body fat (%BF) above which the slope of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) rises. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 557 youth, aged 8 to 18 years, with a wide range of BMI values. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition (including VAT), and fasting blood was collected for measurement of lipids, glucose, insulin, and biomarkers. Segmented linear regression analysis identified the threshold for %BF unadjusted and adjusted for Tanner stage. Linear regression with robust variance estimation compared associations of risk factors and thresholds. Results: Thresholds of %BF were identified by sex (males = 33%, females = 38%), age (< 12 years = 34%; ≥ 12 years = 30%), and race (White/non-Hispanic = 31%; all other races/Hispanic = 38%) above which the slope of VAT was significantly steeper (all P < 0.001). The percentage of total body fat stored as VAT was higher above versus below these thresholds (all P < 0.001). Above threshold, but not below it, VAT was associated with triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein ratio, insulin, adiponectin, and blood pressure. Conclusions: The thresholds should be confirmed in longitudinal studies, and they may be useful in identifying youth at increased cardiometabolic risk in need of close clinical monitoring and/or intensive intervention to reduce excess adiposity.
AB - Objective: This study aimed to determine whether children and adolescents demonstrate, similarly to adults, a threshold of total percent body fat (%BF) above which the slope of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) rises. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 557 youth, aged 8 to 18 years, with a wide range of BMI values. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition (including VAT), and fasting blood was collected for measurement of lipids, glucose, insulin, and biomarkers. Segmented linear regression analysis identified the threshold for %BF unadjusted and adjusted for Tanner stage. Linear regression with robust variance estimation compared associations of risk factors and thresholds. Results: Thresholds of %BF were identified by sex (males = 33%, females = 38%), age (< 12 years = 34%; ≥ 12 years = 30%), and race (White/non-Hispanic = 31%; all other races/Hispanic = 38%) above which the slope of VAT was significantly steeper (all P < 0.001). The percentage of total body fat stored as VAT was higher above versus below these thresholds (all P < 0.001). Above threshold, but not below it, VAT was associated with triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein ratio, insulin, adiponectin, and blood pressure. Conclusions: The thresholds should be confirmed in longitudinal studies, and they may be useful in identifying youth at increased cardiometabolic risk in need of close clinical monitoring and/or intensive intervention to reduce excess adiposity.
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U2 - 10.1002/oby.22679
DO - 10.1002/oby.22679
M3 - Article
C2 - 31773904
AN - SCOPUS:85075750867
SN - 1930-7381
VL - 28
SP - 139
EP - 145
JO - Obesity
JF - Obesity
IS - 1
ER -
