Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome, a sensor for a variety of pathogen- and host-derived threats, consists of the adaptor ASC (Apoptosis-Associated Speck-like protein containing a Caspase Activation and Recruitment Domain (CARD)), pro-caspase-1, and NLRP3 (NOD-Like Receptor family Pyrin domain containing 3). NLRP3-induced neuroinflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of eye diseases, but it remains unclear whether activation of NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Here we examined NLRP3-induced neuroinflammation and RGC survival following partial optic nerve crush (pONC) injury. We showed that NLRP3 was up-regulated in retinal microglial cells following pONC, propagating from the injury site to the optic nerve head and finally the entire retina within one day. Activation of NLRP3-ASC inflammasome led to the up-regulation of caspase-1 and a proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In NLRP3 knockout mice, up-regulation of ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β were all reduced, and, importantly, RGC and axon loss was substantially delayed following pONC injury. The average survival time of RGCs in NLRP3 knockout mice was about one week longer than for control animals. Taken together, our study demonstrated that ablating the NLRP3 gene significantly reduced neuroinflammation and delayed RGC loss after optic nerve crush injury.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 20998 |
Journal | Scientific reports |
Volume | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 19 2016 |
Funding
We thank Mr. Genn Suyeoka for mouse husbandry and genotyping, and Drs. Thomas Bozza and Jianhua Cang for sharing equipment. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R01EY019034 (to X.L.), BrightFocus Foundation (to X.L. and L.F.), Northwestern Memorial Foundation/Brinson Foundation (to X.L.), the Midwest Eye-Banks Research Grant (to X.L.), William & Mary Greve Special Scholar Award from the Research to Prevent Blindness (to X.L.), National Natural Science Foundation of China (to P.L. NSFC No. 31471054), and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (to P.L. No. B08020).
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General