Right Ventricular Failure in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices

Right ventricular (RV) failure that develops following LVAD placement is an important and challenging complication that occurs in approximately 15-25% of LVAD patients. Thus, a thorough evaluation that identifies pre-operative clinical predictors of RV failure is crucial to aid in the appropriate treatment and prognostication. Following LVAD implant, three major physiologic changes invariably occur that will influence RV function: an increase in RV preload, a decrease in RV afterload, and an alteration in RV contractility. Management strategies exist to minimize the likelihood and severity of RV failure post-LVAD. Further studies are needed that also focus on intermediate and late post-LVAD RV failure.