Scalable detection of cyber attacks

Attackers can exploit vulnerabilities to incrementally penetrate a network and compromise critical systems. The enormous amount of raw security data available to analysts and the complex interdependencies among vulnerabilities make manual analysis extremely labor-intensive and error-prone. To address this important problem, we build on previous work on topological vulnerability analysis, and propose an automated framework to manage very large attack graphs and monitor high volumes of incoming alerts for the occurrence of known attack patterns in real-time. Specifically, we propose (i) a data structure that merges multiple attack graphs and enables concurrent monitoring of multiple types of attacks; (ii) an index structure that can effectively index millions of time-stamped alerts; (iii) a real-time algorithm that can process a continuous stream of alerts, update the index, and detect attack occurrences. We show that the proposed solution significantly improves the state of the art in cyber attack detection, enabling real-time attack detection.