Semi-Supervised Learning for Discrete Choice Models

Jie Yang*, Sergey Shebalov, DIego Klabjan

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

We introduce a semi-supervised discrete choice model with algorithmic approaches to estimate choice models when relatively few requests have actual preferences but the majority only have the choice sets. Two classic semi-supervised learning algorithms, the expectation maximization algorithm and the cluster-and-label algorithm, have been adapted to our choice modeling problem setting. We also develop two new algorithms based on the cluster-and-label algorithm. The new algorithms use the Bayesian Information Criterion to evaluate a clustering setting to automatically generate new clusters out of existing clusters and adjust the number of clusters. Two computational studies focusing on travel demand forecasting (i.e., a hotel booking case and a large-scale airline itinerary shopping case) are presented to evaluate the prediction accuracy and computational effort of the proposed algorithms. Algorithmic recommendations are rendered under various scenarios based on the hotel booking case while economic insights are derived based on the itinerary shopping case.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number8574052
Pages (from-to)4145-4159
Number of pages15
JournalIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Volume20
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2019

Funding

Manuscript received July 18, 2017; revised May 24, 2018 and October 3, 2018; accepted November 14, 2018. Date of publication December 12, 2018; date of current version November 6, 2019. The work of J. Yang was supported by a fellowship from the Transportation Center, Northwestern University. The Associate Editor for this article was X. Ban. (Corresponding author: Jie Yang.) J. Yang is with the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).

Keywords

  • Semi-supervised learning
  • discrete choice models
  • travel demand forecasting

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Automotive Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Computer Science Applications

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