Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings

Lindsay B. Baker; Melissa S. Seib; Kelly A. Barnes; Shyretha D. Brown; Michelle A. King; Peter John D. De Chavez; Shankang Qu; Julian Archer; Anthony S. Wolfe; John R. Stofan; James M. Carter; Donald E. Wright; Jessica Wallace; Da Som Yang; Shanliangzi Liu; John Anderson; Tucker Fort; Weihua Li; John A. Wright; Stephen P. Lee; Jeffrey B. Model; John A. Rogers; Alexander J. Aranyosi; Roozbeh Ghaffari

doi:10.1002/admt.202200249

Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings

Lindsay B. Baker^*, Melissa S. Seib, Kelly A. Barnes, Shyretha D. Brown, Michelle A. King, Peter John D. De Chavez, Shankang Qu, Julian Archer, Anthony S. Wolfe, John R. Stofan, James M. Carter, Donald E. Wright, Jessica Wallace, Da Som Yang, Shanliangzi Liu, John Anderson, Tucker Fort, Weihua Li, John A. Wright, Stephen P. LeeJeffrey B. Model, John A. Rogers, Alexander J. Aranyosi, Roozbeh Ghaffari^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dehydration has many deleterious effects on cognitive and physical performance as well as physiological function, in the context of sports, industrial work, clinical rehabilitation, and military applications. Because sweat loss and electrolyte loss vary across individuals, conventional sweat testing strategies using absorbent patch techniques are employed in laboratory settings to characterize sweat biomarkers; however, these techniques are not suitable for remote environments. Here, an updated wearable microfluidic sweat testing system targeted for recreational athletes is presented that includes a microfluidic patch accommodating a broad range of sweating rates, and a smartphone app incorporating digital image processing algorithms to enable real-time analysis under different lighting conditions and patch orientations. Expansive field trials (n = 148 subjects) show significant correlations between the microfluidic patch and standard absorbent patch in measuring sweating rate and sweat chloride concentration during recreational exercise. This validation study demonstrates the applicability of the microfluidic patch and software platform for field testing in recreational athletes.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	2200249
Journal	Advanced Materials Technologies
Volume	7
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202200249
State	Published - Nov 2022

Funding

This study was funded by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute, a division of PepsiCo, Inc. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc. The authors thank Matthew Ciciora, Sarah Stinman, Adam Reimel, Eric Freese, Jon Davis, Jonathan Oliver, Steven Basham, and Corey Ungaro for assistance with data collection and overall project support.

Keywords

electrolytes
fitness
hydration
microfluidics
wearables

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science
Mechanics of Materials
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

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10.1002/admt.202200249

Cite this

Baker, L. B., Seib, M. S., Barnes, K. A., Brown, S. D., King, M. A., De Chavez, P. J. D., Qu, S., Archer, J., Wolfe, A. S., Stofan, J. R., Carter, J. M., Wright, D. E., Wallace, J., Yang, D. S., Liu, S., Anderson, J., Fort, T., Li, W., Wright, J. A., ... Ghaffari, R. (2022). Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings. Advanced Materials Technologies, 7(11), Article 2200249. https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202200249

@article{2e9d129207504cc194da4cc71abac7c9,

title = "Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings",

abstract = "Dehydration has many deleterious effects on cognitive and physical performance as well as physiological function, in the context of sports, industrial work, clinical rehabilitation, and military applications. Because sweat loss and electrolyte loss vary across individuals, conventional sweat testing strategies using absorbent patch techniques are employed in laboratory settings to characterize sweat biomarkers; however, these techniques are not suitable for remote environments. Here, an updated wearable microfluidic sweat testing system targeted for recreational athletes is presented that includes a microfluidic patch accommodating a broad range of sweating rates, and a smartphone app incorporating digital image processing algorithms to enable real-time analysis under different lighting conditions and patch orientations. Expansive field trials (n = 148 subjects) show significant correlations between the microfluidic patch and standard absorbent patch in measuring sweating rate and sweat chloride concentration during recreational exercise. This validation study demonstrates the applicability of the microfluidic patch and software platform for field testing in recreational athletes.",

keywords = "electrolytes, fitness, hydration, microfluidics, wearables",

author = "Baker, {Lindsay B.} and Seib, {Melissa S.} and Barnes, {Kelly A.} and Brown, {Shyretha D.} and King, {Michelle A.} and {De Chavez}, {Peter John D.} and Shankang Qu and Julian Archer and Wolfe, {Anthony S.} and Stofan, {John R.} and Carter, {James M.} and Wright, {Donald E.} and Jessica Wallace and Yang, {Da Som} and Shanliangzi Liu and John Anderson and Tucker Fort and Weihua Li and Wright, {John A.} and Lee, {Stephen P.} and Model, {Jeffrey B.} and Rogers, {John A.} and Aranyosi, {Alexander J.} and Roozbeh Ghaffari",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Advanced Materials Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1002/admt.202200249",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "7",

journal = "Advanced Materials Technologies",

issn = "2365-709X",

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Baker, LB, Seib, MS, Barnes, KA, Brown, SD, King, MA, De Chavez, PJD, Qu, S, Archer, J, Wolfe, AS, Stofan, JR, Carter, JM, Wright, DE, Wallace, J, Yang, DS, Liu, S, Anderson, J, Fort, T, Li, W, Wright, JA, Lee, SP, Model, JB, Rogers, JA, Aranyosi, AJ & Ghaffari, R 2022, 'Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings', Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 7, no. 11, 2200249. https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202200249

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T1 - Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings

AU - Baker, Lindsay B.

AU - Seib, Melissa S.

AU - Barnes, Kelly A.

AU - Brown, Shyretha D.

AU - King, Michelle A.

AU - De Chavez, Peter John D.

AU - Qu, Shankang

AU - Archer, Julian

AU - Wolfe, Anthony S.

AU - Stofan, John R.

AU - Carter, James M.

AU - Wright, Donald E.

AU - Wallace, Jessica

AU - Yang, Da Som

AU - Liu, Shanliangzi

AU - Anderson, John

AU - Fort, Tucker

AU - Li, Weihua

AU - Wright, John A.

AU - Lee, Stephen P.

AU - Model, Jeffrey B.

AU - Rogers, John A.

AU - Aranyosi, Alexander J.

AU - Ghaffari, Roozbeh

PY - 2022/11

Y1 - 2022/11

N2 - Dehydration has many deleterious effects on cognitive and physical performance as well as physiological function, in the context of sports, industrial work, clinical rehabilitation, and military applications. Because sweat loss and electrolyte loss vary across individuals, conventional sweat testing strategies using absorbent patch techniques are employed in laboratory settings to characterize sweat biomarkers; however, these techniques are not suitable for remote environments. Here, an updated wearable microfluidic sweat testing system targeted for recreational athletes is presented that includes a microfluidic patch accommodating a broad range of sweating rates, and a smartphone app incorporating digital image processing algorithms to enable real-time analysis under different lighting conditions and patch orientations. Expansive field trials (n = 148 subjects) show significant correlations between the microfluidic patch and standard absorbent patch in measuring sweating rate and sweat chloride concentration during recreational exercise. This validation study demonstrates the applicability of the microfluidic patch and software platform for field testing in recreational athletes.

AB - Dehydration has many deleterious effects on cognitive and physical performance as well as physiological function, in the context of sports, industrial work, clinical rehabilitation, and military applications. Because sweat loss and electrolyte loss vary across individuals, conventional sweat testing strategies using absorbent patch techniques are employed in laboratory settings to characterize sweat biomarkers; however, these techniques are not suitable for remote environments. Here, an updated wearable microfluidic sweat testing system targeted for recreational athletes is presented that includes a microfluidic patch accommodating a broad range of sweating rates, and a smartphone app incorporating digital image processing algorithms to enable real-time analysis under different lighting conditions and patch orientations. Expansive field trials (n = 148 subjects) show significant correlations between the microfluidic patch and standard absorbent patch in measuring sweating rate and sweat chloride concentration during recreational exercise. This validation study demonstrates the applicability of the microfluidic patch and software platform for field testing in recreational athletes.

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KW - hydration

KW - microfluidics

KW - wearables

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DO - 10.1002/admt.202200249

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IS - 11

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ER -

Skin-Interfaced Microfluidic System with Machine Learning-Enabled Image Processing of Sweat Biomarkers in Remote Settings

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Keywords

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