Abstract
In countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, up to 30% of pregnant women are living with HIV, with fetal exposure to both HIV and antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women without HIV but at high risk of HIV acquisition are increasingly receiving HIV preexposure antiretroviral prophylaxis (PrEP). Investments are being made to establish and follow cohorts of children to evaluate the long-term effects of in utero HIV and antiretroviral exposure. Agreement on a key set of definitions for relevant exposures and outcomes is important both for interpreting individual study results and for comparisons across cohorts. Harmonized definitions of in utero HIV and antiretroviral drug (maternal treatment or PrEP) exposure will also facilitate improved classification of these exposures in future observational studies and clinical trials. The proposed definitions offer a uniform approach to facilitate the consistent description and estimation of effects of HIV and antiretroviral exposures on key child health outcomes.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 347-355 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Clinical Infectious Diseases |
| Volume | 75 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 15 2022 |
Funding
Potential conflicts of interest. A. E. reports support for attending meetings and/or travel from the IAS–CIPHER. E. J. A. reports salary support to their institution from NICHD. E. G. C. reports grant payment to their institution, outside the conduct of the study, from NICHD and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and reimbursement for travel to meetings from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS); their spouse is a stockholder with AbbVie. M. E. P. reports NIH grants paid to their institution, outside the conduct of the study. C. T. reports grants or contracts, outside the conduct of the study, from the European Commission (REACH project), the Penta Foundation, ViiV Healthcare via the Penta Foundation, and Public Health England; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from ViiV Healthcare; and participation on the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry Advisory Board. M. V. reports that IAS received a grant from ViiV Healthcare for this work and also received grants from Janssen. K. M. P. reports grants or contracts, outside the conduct of the study, from NICHD and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; support for attending meetings and/or travel from NIH and the US Department of Health and Human Services Panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of Children Living with HIV; and stock or stock options from Capital One. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
Keywords
- HIV
- antiretroviral
- definition
- in utero
- pregnancy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology (medical)
- Infectious Diseases
