@article{29d4b1f4ca704a8a825ab3da766506de,
title = "Stretchable, dynamic covalent polymers for soft, long-lived bioresorbable electronic stimulators designed to facilitate neuromuscular regeneration",
abstract = "Bioresorbable electronic stimulators are of rapidly growing interest as unusual therapeutic platforms, i.e., bioelectronic medicines, for treating disease states, accelerating wound healing processes and eliminating infections. Here, we present advanced materials that support operation in these systems over clinically relevant timeframes, ultimately bioresorbing harmlessly to benign products without residues, to eliminate the need for surgical extraction. Our findings overcome key challenges of bioresorbable electronic devices by realizing lifetimes that match clinical needs. The devices exploit a bioresorbable dynamic covalent polymer that facilitates tight bonding to itself and other surfaces, as a soft, elastic substrate and encapsulation coating for wireless electronic components. We describe the underlying features and chemical design considerations for this polymer, and the biocompatibility of its constituent materials. In devices with optimized, wireless designs, these polymers enable stable, long-lived operation as distal stimulators in a rat model of peripheral nerve injuries, thereby demonstrating the potential of programmable long-term electrical stimulation for maintaining muscle receptivity and enhancing functional recovery.",
author = "Choi, {Yeon Sik} and Hsueh, {Yuan Yu} and Jahyun Koo and Quansan Yang and Raudel Avila and Buwei Hu and Zhaoqian Xie and Geumbee Lee and Zheng Ning and Claire Liu and Yameng Xu and Lee, {Young Joong} and Weikang Zhao and Jun Fang and Yujun Deng and Lee, {Seung Min} and Abraham V{\'a}zquez-Guardado and Iwona Stepien and Ying Yan and Song, {Joseph W.} and Chad Haney and Oh, {Yong Suk} and Wentai Liu and Yun, {Hong Joon} and Anthony Banks and MacEwan, {Matthew R.} and Ameer, {Guillermo A.} and Ray, {Wilson Z.} and Yonggang Huang and Tao Xie and Franz, {Colin K.} and Song Li and Rogers, {John A.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work made use of the NUFAB facility of Northwestern University{\textquoteright}s NUANCE Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205); the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. J.K. acknowledges the support from National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1F1A1068083). Z.X. acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12072057) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. DUT20RC(3)032). Y.H. acknowledges support from NSF (Grant No. CMMI1635443). R.A. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (NSF grant number 1842165) and Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship. W.L. acknowledges support from Higher Education Sprout Project, Ministry of Education to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Cheng Kung University(NCKU). The work at UCLA was supported by a grant from NIH (HL121450) and Chancellor Professorship. Y.-Y.H. acknowledges support from the Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan (MOST 106-2918-I-006 −006 and 108-2628-B-006 −017). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1038/s41467-020-19660-6",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "11",
journal = "Nature Communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}