@article{6d695404267641b189aaa2aebb0f101b,
title = "Submillimeter Polarization Spectrum of the Carina Nebula",
abstract = "Linear polarization maps of the Carina Nebula were obtained at 250, 350, and 500 μm during the 2012 flight of the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope for Polarimetry (BLASTPol). These measurements are combined with Planck 850 μm data in order to produce a submillimeter spectrum of the polarization fraction of the dust emission, averaged over the cloud. This spectrum is flat to within ±15% (relative to the 350 μm polarization fraction). In particular, there is no evidence for a pronounced minimum of the spectrum near 350 μm, as suggested by previous ground-based measurements of other molecular clouds. This result of a flat polarization spectrum in Carina is consistent with recently published BLASTPol measurements of the Vela C molecular cloud and also agrees with a published model for an externally illuminated, dense molecular cloud by Bethell and collaborators. The shape of the spectrum in Carina does not show any dependence on the radiative environment of the dust, as quantified by the Planck-derived dust temperature or dust optical depth at 353 GHz.",
keywords = "ISM: individual objects (Carina), ISM: magnetic fields, dust, extinction, instrumentation: polarimeters, polarization",
author = "Shariff, {Jamil A.} and Ade, {Peter A.R.} and Angil{\`e}, {Francesco E.} and Peter Ashton and Benton, {Steven J.} and Devlin, {Mark J.} and Bradley Dober and Fissel, {Laura M.} and Yasuo Fukui and Nicholas Galitzki and Gandilo, {Natalie N.} and Jeffrey Klein and Korotkov, {Andrei L.} and Li, {Zhi Yun} and Martin, {Peter G.} and Matthews, {Tristan G.} and Lorenzo Moncelsi and Fumitaka Nakamura and Netterfield, {Calvin B.} and Giles Novak and Enzo Pascale and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rick Poidevin and Santos, {Fabio P.} and Giorgio Savini and Douglas Scott and Soler, {Juan Diego} and Thomas, {Nicholas E.} and Tucker, {Carole E.} and Tucker, {Gregory S.} and Derek Ward-Thompson",
note = "Funding Information: The BLASTPol collaboration acknowledges support from NASA (through grant Nos. NAG5-12785, NAG5-13301, NNGO-6GI11G, and NNX0-9AB98G, and the Illinois Space Grant Consortium), the Canadian Space Agency, the Lever-hulme Trust through the Research Project Grant F/00 407/BN, Canada{\textquoteright}s Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Ontario Innovation Trust, and the US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs. This work was based in part on observations obtained with Planck (http://www.esa.int/Planck), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States, NASA, and Canada. C.B.N. also acknowledges support from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. F.P.S. is supported by CAPES grant 2397/13-7. F.P. acknowledges the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 687312 (RADIOFOREGROUNDS). P.A. is supported through Reach for the Stars, a GK-12 program supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DGE-0948017. L.M.F. is a Jansky Fellow of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). NRAO is a facility of the National Science Foundation (NSF), operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Finally, we thank the Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility staff for their outstanding work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.",
year = "2019",
doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/aaff5f",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "872",
journal = "Astrophysical Journal",
issn = "0004-637X",
number = "2",
}