Subsurface heat island across the Chicago Loop district: Analysis of localized drivers

Alessandro F. Rotta Loria; Anjali Thota; Ann Mariam Thomas; Nathan Friedle; Justin M. Lautenberg; Emily C. Song

doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101211

Subsurface heat island across the Chicago Loop district: Analysis of localized drivers

Alessandro F. Rotta Loria^*, Anjali Thota, Ann Mariam Thomas, Nathan Friedle, Justin M. Lautenberg, Emily C. Song

^*Corresponding author for this work

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The subsurface beneath urban areas worldwide is warming up, leading to so-called subsurface urban heat islands. Despite many investigations, limited knowledge is available on the sources (e.g., localized drivers) of subsurface urban heat islands. This paper presents an unprecedented Internet of Things facility to unravel key features characterizing localized drivers of subsurface urban heath islands: a network composed of >150 wireless temperature sensors deployed in surface and subsurface environments across the Chicago Loop district. Through this facility, the study unravels a subsurface urban heat island in the Loop and indicates marked and highly heterogeneous temperatures for localized drivers of such underground climate change. The temperatures of localized drivers characterizing the monitored subsurface heat island can exceed by >25 °C the ground temperature, involving a continuous heat transfer towards this medium. The temperatures of such drivers can further differ by >15 °C across the studied district, not only when different drivers are examined, but also when different locations within the same driver are considered. The identified features of localized drivers of subsurface urban heat islands arguably characterize many cities worldwide, requiring adequate modeling approaches and uncertainty quantifications in future simulation studies on such pervasive phenomena.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	101211
Journal	Urban Climate
Volume	44
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101211
State	Published - Jul 2022

Funding

The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following individuals and institutions for their willingness to facilitate this research through the provision of access to surface and subsurface environments for the deployment of this temperature sensing network: Luda Chervona and Nawar Telche from Hotel Julian, Pierre Giacotto and Jeff Green from The Blackstone Hotel, Gary Platt and Brian Poirier from La Quinta Inn & Suites by Wyndham, Kelsey Brown and Guerlin Frederic from Lake & Wells Apartments, Kevin Hanley from Union League Club of Chicago, Patrick D. Martin from InterPark, Admir Sefo from Next Parking, Timothy G. Pitzen and Lynn M. Dyon from METRA Chicago, Ron Tabaczynski from the Building Owners and Managers Association of Chicago, J.J. Madia and Matt Lewis from the Chicago Department of Transportation, Jim Rylowicz and Geoff Bares from Centrio Energy, Jamie Ponce and Firas Suqi from City Tech Collaborative, Brett Gitskin from ECS Midwest, and Bruce Moffat. The help provided by Jennifer L. Kunde, Maggie Waldron, and Richard Cummo from Northwestern University to resolve the several intricacies and challenges of this project associated with the installation of temperature sensors in Chicago is deeply appreciated. The financial support provided by the Murphy Society and The Alumnae of Northwestern University to develop the sensing network used for this work is thankfully acknowledged. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2046586 . The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following individuals and institutions for their willingness to facilitate this research through the provision of access to surface and subsurface environments for the deployment of this temperature sensing network: Luda Chervona and Nawar Telche from Hotel Julian, Pierre Giacotto and Jeff Green from The Blackstone Hotel, Gary Platt and Brian Poirier from La Quinta Inn & Suites by Wyndham, Kelsey Brown and Guerlin Frederic from Lake & Wells Apartments, Kevin Hanley from Union League Club of Chicago, Patrick D. Martin from InterPark, Admir Sefo from Next Parking, Timothy G. Pitzen and Lynn M. Dyon from METRA Chicago, Ron Tabaczynski from the Building Owners and Managers Association of Chicago, J.J. Madia and Matt Lewis from the Chicago Department of Transportation, Jim Rylowicz and Geoff Bares from Centrio Energy, Jamie Ponce and Firas Suqi from City Tech Collaborative, Brett Gitskin from ECS Midwest, and Bruce Moffat. The help provided by Jennifer L. Kunde, Maggie Waldron, and Richard Cummo from Northwestern University to resolve the several intricacies and challenges of this project associated with the installation of temperature sensors in Chicago is deeply appreciated. The financial support provided by the Murphy Society and The Alumnae of Northwestern University to develop the sensing network used for this work is thankfully acknowledged. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2046586.

Keywords

Chicago loop
Sensing network
Subsurface urban heat islands
Temperature
Underground climate change

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geography, Planning and Development
Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Urban Studies
Atmospheric Science

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101211

Cite this

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title = "Subsurface heat island across the Chicago Loop district: Analysis of localized drivers",

abstract = "The subsurface beneath urban areas worldwide is warming up, leading to so-called subsurface urban heat islands. Despite many investigations, limited knowledge is available on the sources (e.g., localized drivers) of subsurface urban heat islands. This paper presents an unprecedented Internet of Things facility to unravel key features characterizing localized drivers of subsurface urban heath islands: a network composed of >150 wireless temperature sensors deployed in surface and subsurface environments across the Chicago Loop district. Through this facility, the study unravels a subsurface urban heat island in the Loop and indicates marked and highly heterogeneous temperatures for localized drivers of such underground climate change. The temperatures of localized drivers characterizing the monitored subsurface heat island can exceed by >25 °C the ground temperature, involving a continuous heat transfer towards this medium. The temperatures of such drivers can further differ by >15 °C across the studied district, not only when different drivers are examined, but also when different locations within the same driver are considered. The identified features of localized drivers of subsurface urban heat islands arguably characterize many cities worldwide, requiring adequate modeling approaches and uncertainty quantifications in future simulation studies on such pervasive phenomena.",

keywords = "Chicago loop, Sensing network, Subsurface urban heat islands, Temperature, Underground climate change",

author = "{Rotta Loria}, {Alessandro F.} and Anjali Thota and Thomas, {Ann Mariam} and Nathan Friedle and Lautenberg, {Justin M.} and Song, {Emily C.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101211",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "44",

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T2 - Analysis of localized drivers

AU - Rotta Loria, Alessandro F.

AU - Thota, Anjali

AU - Thomas, Ann Mariam

AU - Friedle, Nathan

AU - Lautenberg, Justin M.

AU - Song, Emily C.

PY - 2022/7

Y1 - 2022/7

N2 - The subsurface beneath urban areas worldwide is warming up, leading to so-called subsurface urban heat islands. Despite many investigations, limited knowledge is available on the sources (e.g., localized drivers) of subsurface urban heat islands. This paper presents an unprecedented Internet of Things facility to unravel key features characterizing localized drivers of subsurface urban heath islands: a network composed of >150 wireless temperature sensors deployed in surface and subsurface environments across the Chicago Loop district. Through this facility, the study unravels a subsurface urban heat island in the Loop and indicates marked and highly heterogeneous temperatures for localized drivers of such underground climate change. The temperatures of localized drivers characterizing the monitored subsurface heat island can exceed by >25 °C the ground temperature, involving a continuous heat transfer towards this medium. The temperatures of such drivers can further differ by >15 °C across the studied district, not only when different drivers are examined, but also when different locations within the same driver are considered. The identified features of localized drivers of subsurface urban heat islands arguably characterize many cities worldwide, requiring adequate modeling approaches and uncertainty quantifications in future simulation studies on such pervasive phenomena.

AB - The subsurface beneath urban areas worldwide is warming up, leading to so-called subsurface urban heat islands. Despite many investigations, limited knowledge is available on the sources (e.g., localized drivers) of subsurface urban heat islands. This paper presents an unprecedented Internet of Things facility to unravel key features characterizing localized drivers of subsurface urban heath islands: a network composed of >150 wireless temperature sensors deployed in surface and subsurface environments across the Chicago Loop district. Through this facility, the study unravels a subsurface urban heat island in the Loop and indicates marked and highly heterogeneous temperatures for localized drivers of such underground climate change. The temperatures of localized drivers characterizing the monitored subsurface heat island can exceed by >25 °C the ground temperature, involving a continuous heat transfer towards this medium. The temperatures of such drivers can further differ by >15 °C across the studied district, not only when different drivers are examined, but also when different locations within the same driver are considered. The identified features of localized drivers of subsurface urban heat islands arguably characterize many cities worldwide, requiring adequate modeling approaches and uncertainty quantifications in future simulation studies on such pervasive phenomena.

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KW - Sensing network

KW - Subsurface urban heat islands

KW - Temperature

KW - Underground climate change

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Subsurface heat island across the Chicago Loop district: Analysis of localized drivers

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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