The acari hypothesis, ii: Interspecies operability of pattern recognition receptors

Andrew C. Retzinger; Gregory S. Retzinger

doi:10.3390/pathogens10091220

The acari hypothesis, ii: Interspecies operability of pattern recognition receptors

Andrew C. Retzinger^*, Gregory S. Retzinger

^*Corresponding author for this work

Pathology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hypersensitivity to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) is an informative example of a pathologic IgE-mediated process. By way of their saliva, ticks are able to sensitize humans to tick dietary elements that express α-gal. Mites, which along with ticks constitute the phyletic subclass Acari, feed on proteinaceous foodstuffs that represent most, if not all, human allergens. Given: (1) the gross nature of the pathophysiological reactions of allergy, especially anaphylaxis, (2) the allergenicity of acarian foodstuffs, and (3) the relatedness of ticks and mites, it has been hypothesized that human-acarian interactions are cardinal to the pathogenesis of allergy. In this report, a means by which such interactions contribute to that pathogenesis is proposed.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	1220
Journal	Pathogens
Volume	10
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091220
State	Published - Sep 2021

Funding

Funding: This research was supported in part by funding to GSR from the Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University.

Keywords

Acari hypothesis
Fibrinogen-related protein (FReP)
IgE
Interspecies operability
Ixoderin
Mites
Ticks
Vector

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases
General Immunology and Microbiology
Molecular Biology
Immunology and Allergy

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10.3390/pathogens10091220

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title = "The acari hypothesis, ii: Interspecies operability of pattern recognition receptors",

abstract = "Hypersensitivity to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) is an informative example of a pathologic IgE-mediated process. By way of their saliva, ticks are able to sensitize humans to tick dietary elements that express α-gal. Mites, which along with ticks constitute the phyletic subclass Acari, feed on proteinaceous foodstuffs that represent most, if not all, human allergens. Given: (1) the gross nature of the pathophysiological reactions of allergy, especially anaphylaxis, (2) the allergenicity of acarian foodstuffs, and (3) the relatedness of ticks and mites, it has been hypothesized that human-acarian interactions are cardinal to the pathogenesis of allergy. In this report, a means by which such interactions contribute to that pathogenesis is proposed.",

keywords = "Acari hypothesis, Fibrinogen-related protein (FReP), IgE, Interspecies operability, Ixoderin, Mites, Ticks, Vector",

author = "Retzinger, {Andrew C.} and Retzinger, {Gregory S.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding: This research was supported in part by funding to GSR from the Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2021",

month = sep,

doi = "10.3390/pathogens10091220",

language = "English (US)",

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journal = "Pathogens",

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AU - Retzinger, Andrew C.

AU - Retzinger, Gregory S.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was supported in part by funding to GSR from the Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2021/9

Y1 - 2021/9

N2 - Hypersensitivity to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) is an informative example of a pathologic IgE-mediated process. By way of their saliva, ticks are able to sensitize humans to tick dietary elements that express α-gal. Mites, which along with ticks constitute the phyletic subclass Acari, feed on proteinaceous foodstuffs that represent most, if not all, human allergens. Given: (1) the gross nature of the pathophysiological reactions of allergy, especially anaphylaxis, (2) the allergenicity of acarian foodstuffs, and (3) the relatedness of ticks and mites, it has been hypothesized that human-acarian interactions are cardinal to the pathogenesis of allergy. In this report, a means by which such interactions contribute to that pathogenesis is proposed.

AB - Hypersensitivity to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) is an informative example of a pathologic IgE-mediated process. By way of their saliva, ticks are able to sensitize humans to tick dietary elements that express α-gal. Mites, which along with ticks constitute the phyletic subclass Acari, feed on proteinaceous foodstuffs that represent most, if not all, human allergens. Given: (1) the gross nature of the pathophysiological reactions of allergy, especially anaphylaxis, (2) the allergenicity of acarian foodstuffs, and (3) the relatedness of ticks and mites, it has been hypothesized that human-acarian interactions are cardinal to the pathogenesis of allergy. In this report, a means by which such interactions contribute to that pathogenesis is proposed.

KW - Acari hypothesis

KW - Fibrinogen-related protein (FReP)

KW - IgE

KW - Interspecies operability

KW - Ixoderin

KW - Mites

KW - Ticks

KW - Vector

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The acari hypothesis, ii: Interspecies operability of pattern recognition receptors

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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