The association of euploid miscarriage with obesity

Objective: To determine whether the frequency of euploid miscarriage is increased in obese women with early pregnancy loss. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Academic medical center. Patient(s): A total of 2,620 women with cytogenetic analysis results from products of conception after a pregnancy loss <20 weeks gestation from 2006–2018. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Frequency of euploid miscarriage was compared in obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m²) versus non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m²) patients. Result(s): A total of 2,620 women with a mean (± standard deviation) age at time of loss of 34.9 years (± 4.9) and mean (± standard deviation) BMI of 25.3 kg/m² (±5.5) were included in the final analysis. After adjusting for age and race, obese women were 56% more likely to have a euploid pregnancy loss compared with nonobese women (odds ratio 1.56; 95% confidence interval 1.32–1.92). Within the cohort, 63.8% of the losses were aneuploid, of which 41% were trisomies, 8% were monosomies, and 7% were polyploidies. Of the euploid losses, 50.1% were 46,XX and 49.9% were 46,XY, which suggests that the rate of maternal cell contamination was low. Conclusion(s): Obese women have an increased frequency of euploid miscarriage when compared with nonobese women.