@article{2dd6d70248ce478e8380c97db323359a,
title = "The Development of a New Computer-Adaptive Test to Evaluate Strain in Caregivers of Individuals With TBI: TBI-CareQOL Caregiver Strain",
abstract = "Objective: To develop a new measure of caregiver strain for use in caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), Traumatic Brain Injury Caregiver Quality of Life (TBI-CareQOL) Caregiver Strain. Design: Qualitative data, literature reviews, and cross-sectional survey study. Setting: Three TBI Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals, an academic medical center, and a military medical treatment facility. Participants: Caregivers (N=560) of civilians (n=344) or service members/veterans (SMVs) with TBI (n=216). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure: TBI-CareQOL Caregiver Strain Item Bank. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, a graded response model (GRM) and differential item functioning supported the retention of 33 items in the final measure. GRM calibration data was used to inform the selection of a 6-item static short form, and to program the TBI-CareQOL Caregiver Strain computer-adaptive test (CAT). CAT simulation analyses indicated a 0.97 correlation between the CAT scores and the full item-bank. Three-week test-retest reliability was strong (r=0.83). Conclusions: The new TBI-CareQOL Caregiver Strain CAT and corresponding 6-item short form were developed using established rigorous measurement development standards; this is the first self-reported measure developed to evaluate caregiver strain in caregivers of individuals with TBI.",
keywords = "Caregiver, Health-related quality of life, Military family, Patient reported outcome, Rehabilitation, Traumatic brain injury, Veterans",
author = "Carlozzi, {Noelle E.} and Kallen, {Michael A.} and Ianni, {Phillip A.} and Hahn, {Elizabeth A.} and French, {Louis M.} and Lange, {Rael T.} and Brickell, {Tracey A.} and Robin Hanks and Sander, {Angelle M.}",
note = "Funding Information: Supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR013658), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR000433), and the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC). We thank the investigators, coordinators, and research associates/assistants who worked on this study, the study participants, and organizations who supported recruitment efforts. The University of Michigan Research Team would also like to thank the Hearts of Valor and the Brain Injury Association of Michigan for assistance with community outreach for recruitment efforts at this site. TBI-CareQOL site investigators and coordinators: Noelle Carlozzi, Anna Kratz, Amy Austin, Mitchell Belanger, Micah Warschausky, Siera Goodnight, Jennifer Miner (University of Michigan, Ann, Arbor, MI); Angelle Sander (Baylor College of Medicine and TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX), Curtisa Light (TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX); Robin Hanks, Daniela Ristova-Trendov (Wayne State University/Rehabilitation Institute of Michigan, Detroit, MI); Nancy Chiaravalloti, Dennis Tirri, Belinda Washington (Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ); Tracey Brickell, Rael Lange, Louis French, Rachel Gartner, Megan Wright, Angela Driscoll, Diana Nora, Jamie Sullivan, Nicole Varbedian, Johanna Smith, Lauren Johnson, Heidi Mahatan, Mikelle Mooney, Mallory Frazier, Zoe Li, and Deanna Pruitt (Walter Reed National Military Medical Center/Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Bethesda, MD). Funding Information: Supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Nursing Research ( R01NR013658 ), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences ( UL1TR000433 ), and the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC). We thank the investigators, coordinators, and research associates/assistants who worked on this study, the study participants, and organizations who supported recruitment efforts. The University of Michigan Research Team would also like to thank the Hearts of Valor and the Brain Injury Association of Michigan for assistance with community outreach for recruitment efforts at this site. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine",
year = "2019",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1016/j.apmr.2018.05.033",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "100",
pages = "S13--S21",
journal = "Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation",
issn = "0003-9993",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "4",
}