The special needs of children

Pediatric EMS calls create anxiety for providers. The Pediatric Assessment Triangle can provide patient evaluation techniques allowing providers to develop a general impression of the child, and to determine if emergency treatment and transport are needed. Vital signs in children change with age, so having a simple tool or table can replace the need for memorization. Since drug doses and equipment change with age and weight, a length-based tape or other tool can provide needed information. Approaching infants and children in a calm manner, using distraction, with their parents/caregivers, makes pediatric assessment easier. As children get older, use their verbal skills, establish trust, and respect privacy. For children with special health care needs, ask the parents/caregivers about the child's baseline and utilize their expertise. Medicolegal issues may develop during pediatric EMS runs, and understanding your state's emancipated and mature minor rules, and the conditions needed for implied consent, is critical.