Abstract
Cell division (mitosis) and gamete production (meiosis) are fundamental requirements for normal organismal development. The mammalian cell cycle is tightly regulated by different checkpoints ensuring complete and precise chromosomal segregation and duplication. In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in understanding how O-GlcNAc regulates the cell cycle. The O-GlcNAc post-translation modification is an O-glycosidic bond of a single β-N-acetylglucosamine sugar to serine/threonine residues of intracellular proteins. This modification is sensitive toward changes in nutrient levels in the cellular environment making O-GlcNAc a nutrient sensor capable of influencing cell growth and proliferation. Numerous studies have established that O-GlcNAcylation is essential in regulating mitosis and meiosis, while loss of O-GlcNAcylation is lethal in growing cells. Moreover, aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is linked with cancer and chromosomal segregation errors. In this review, we will discuss how O-GlcNAc controls different aspects of the cell cycle with a particular emphasis on mitosis and meiosis.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 313-322 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Biochemical Society transactions |
Volume | 45 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 15 2017 |
Funding
The authors are grateful to the Biochemical Society Transactions for the invitation to submit this review. Furthermore, we acknowledge our funding sources: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases R01DK100595 to C.S., Biomedical Research Training Program (BRTP) Fellowship, and Mabel A. Woodyard Fellowship to E.P.T. F.E.D. acknowledge the Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence [P20 GM104936] and the University of Kansas School of Medicine Start Up funds.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry