TY - JOUR
T1 - Three-Dimensionally Printed Hyperelastic Bone Scaffolds Accelerate Bone Regeneration in Critical-Size Calvarial Bone Defects
AU - Huang, Yu Hui
AU - Jakus, Adam E.
AU - Jordan, Sumanas W.
AU - Dumanian, Zari
AU - Parker, Kelly
AU - Zhao, Linping
AU - Patel, Pravin K.
AU - Shah, Ramille N.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by support from Shriners Hospitals for Children grant 85300-CHI-16. Adam E. Jakus, Ph.D., was supported in part by the Hartwell Foundation. The authors are grateful to Ilham Putra, M.D., for assistance in animal surgery; Xin Li, M.D., Ph.D., for data collection and analysis of the project; Google Gift (Ramille N. Shah, Ph.D.); the Hartwell Foundation (Adam E. Jakus, Ph.D.); and for scaffolds produced by Adam E. Jakus, Ph.D., and Ramille N. Shah, Ph.D., TEAM Lab at the Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, which was funded by the U.S. Army Research Office, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, and Northwestern University. The Northwestern University Center for Advanced Microscopy was supported by National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA060553 awarded to the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Electron Probe Instrumentation Center facility (NUANCE Center, Northwestern University) was supported by National Science Foundation grants DMR-1121262 and EEC-0118025|003. This study was also supported by the Office of Naval Research MURI Program (N00014-11-1-0690).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Background: Autologous bone grafts remain the gold standard for craniofacial reconstruction despite limitations of donor-site availability and morbidity. A myriad of commercial bone substitutes and allografts are available, yet no product has gained widespread use because of inferior clinical outcomes. The ideal bone substitute is both osteoconductive and osteoinductive. Craniofacial reconstruction often involves irregular three-dimensional defects, which may benefit from malleable or customizable substrates. "Hyperelastic Bone" is a three-dimensionally printed synthetic scaffold, composed of 90% by weight hydroxyapatite and 10% by weight poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), with inherent bioactivity and porosity to allow for tissue integration. This study examines the capacity of Hyperelastic Bone for bone regeneration in a critical-size calvarial defect. Methods: Eight-millimeter calvarial defects in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with three-dimensionally printed Hyperelastic Bone, three-dimensionally printed Fluffy-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) without hydroxyapatite, autologous bone (positive control), or left untreated (negative control). Animals were euthanized at 8 or 12 weeks postoperatively and specimens were analyzed for new bone formation by cone beam computed tomography, micro-computed tomography, and histology. Results: The mineralized bone volume-to-total tissue volume fractions for the Hyperelastic Bone cohort at 8 and 12 weeks were 74.2 percent and 64.5 percent of positive control bone volume/total tissue, respectively (p = 0.04). Fluffy-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) demonstrated little bone formation, similar to the negative control. Histologic analysis of Hyperelastic Bone scaffolds revealed fibrous tissue at 8 weeks, and new bone formation surrounding the scaffold struts by 12 weeks. Conclusion: Findings from our study suggest that Hyperelastic Bone grafts are effective for bone regeneration, with significant potential for clinical translation.
AB - Background: Autologous bone grafts remain the gold standard for craniofacial reconstruction despite limitations of donor-site availability and morbidity. A myriad of commercial bone substitutes and allografts are available, yet no product has gained widespread use because of inferior clinical outcomes. The ideal bone substitute is both osteoconductive and osteoinductive. Craniofacial reconstruction often involves irregular three-dimensional defects, which may benefit from malleable or customizable substrates. "Hyperelastic Bone" is a three-dimensionally printed synthetic scaffold, composed of 90% by weight hydroxyapatite and 10% by weight poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), with inherent bioactivity and porosity to allow for tissue integration. This study examines the capacity of Hyperelastic Bone for bone regeneration in a critical-size calvarial defect. Methods: Eight-millimeter calvarial defects in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with three-dimensionally printed Hyperelastic Bone, three-dimensionally printed Fluffy-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) without hydroxyapatite, autologous bone (positive control), or left untreated (negative control). Animals were euthanized at 8 or 12 weeks postoperatively and specimens were analyzed for new bone formation by cone beam computed tomography, micro-computed tomography, and histology. Results: The mineralized bone volume-to-total tissue volume fractions for the Hyperelastic Bone cohort at 8 and 12 weeks were 74.2 percent and 64.5 percent of positive control bone volume/total tissue, respectively (p = 0.04). Fluffy-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) demonstrated little bone formation, similar to the negative control. Histologic analysis of Hyperelastic Bone scaffolds revealed fibrous tissue at 8 weeks, and new bone formation surrounding the scaffold struts by 12 weeks. Conclusion: Findings from our study suggest that Hyperelastic Bone grafts are effective for bone regeneration, with significant potential for clinical translation.
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U2 - 10.1097/PRS.0000000000005530
DO - 10.1097/PRS.0000000000005530
M3 - Article
C2 - 31033821
AN - SCOPUS:85065406584
SN - 0032-1052
VL - 143
SP - 1397
EP - 1407
JO - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
JF - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
IS - 5
ER -