TY - JOUR
T1 - Trait rumination and response to negative evaluative lab-induced stress
T2 - neuroendocrine, affective, and cognitive outcomes
AU - Vrshek-Schallhorn, Suzanne
AU - Velkoff, Elizabeth A.
AU - Zinbarg, Richard E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by a Postdoctoral NRSA from the National Institute of Mental Health to SVS (F32-MH091955). SVS is now at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. A portion of the analyses formed the basis for a Senior Honours Thesis (EAV); EAV is now at Miami University. The content is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health. The authors thank Northwestern undergraduate and post-baccalaureate research assistants John S. Gaffney, Grace C. Galloway, Amy Seungmin Lee, Claire E. Maby, Julia S. Retzky, Michael R. Sladek, and Kelsey A. Thompson for their many hours invested in data collection and thoughtful discussion. The authors thank Susan Mineka and Emma K. Adam for logistic support of the project.
Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by a Postdoctoral NRSA from the National Institute of Mental Health to SVS (F32-MH091955). SVS is now at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. A portion of the analyses formed the basis for a Senior Honours Thesis (EAV); EAV is now at Miami University. The content is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2019/4/3
Y1 - 2019/4/3
N2 - Theoretical models of depression posit that, under stress, elevated trait rumination predicts more pronounced or prolonged negative affective and neuroendocrine responses, and that trait rumination hampers removing irrelevant negative information from working memory. We examined several gaps regarding these models in the context of lab-induced stress. Non-depressed undergraduates completed a rumination questionnaire and either a negative-evaluative Trier Social Stress Test (n = 55) or a non-evaluative control condition (n = 69), followed by a modified Sternberg affective working memory task assessing the extent to which irrelevant negative information can be emptied from working memory. We measured shame, negative and positive affect, and salivary cortisol four times. Multilevel growth curve models showed rumination and stress interactively predicted cortisol reactivity; however, opposite predictions, greater rumination was associated with blunted cortisol reactivity to stress. Elevated trait rumination interacted with stress to predict augmented shame reactivity. Rumination and stress did not significantly interact to predict working memory performance, but under control conditions, rumination predicted greater difficulty updating working memory. Results support a vulnerability-stress model of trait rumination with heightened shame reactivity and cortisol dysregulation rather than hyper-reactivity in non-depressed emerging adults, but we cannot provide evidence that working memory processes are critical immediately following acute stress.
AB - Theoretical models of depression posit that, under stress, elevated trait rumination predicts more pronounced or prolonged negative affective and neuroendocrine responses, and that trait rumination hampers removing irrelevant negative information from working memory. We examined several gaps regarding these models in the context of lab-induced stress. Non-depressed undergraduates completed a rumination questionnaire and either a negative-evaluative Trier Social Stress Test (n = 55) or a non-evaluative control condition (n = 69), followed by a modified Sternberg affective working memory task assessing the extent to which irrelevant negative information can be emptied from working memory. We measured shame, negative and positive affect, and salivary cortisol four times. Multilevel growth curve models showed rumination and stress interactively predicted cortisol reactivity; however, opposite predictions, greater rumination was associated with blunted cortisol reactivity to stress. Elevated trait rumination interacted with stress to predict augmented shame reactivity. Rumination and stress did not significantly interact to predict working memory performance, but under control conditions, rumination predicted greater difficulty updating working memory. Results support a vulnerability-stress model of trait rumination with heightened shame reactivity and cortisol dysregulation rather than hyper-reactivity in non-depressed emerging adults, but we cannot provide evidence that working memory processes are critical immediately following acute stress.
KW - Rumination
KW - cortisol
KW - lab-induced stress
KW - multilevel growth curve models
KW - shame
KW - working memory
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U2 - 10.1080/02699931.2018.1459486
DO - 10.1080/02699931.2018.1459486
M3 - Article
C2 - 29623753
AN - SCOPUS:85045054773
VL - 33
SP - 466
EP - 479
JO - Cognition and Emotion
JF - Cognition and Emotion
SN - 0269-9931
IS - 3
ER -