Transient and persistent dendritic spines in the neocortex in vivo

Anthony J G D Holtmaat; Joshua T. Trachtenberg; Linda Wilbrecht; Gordon M. Shepherd; Xiaoqun Zhang; Graham W. Knott; Karel Svoboda

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.003

Transient and persistent dendritic spines in the neocortex in vivo

Anthony J G D Holtmaat, Joshua T. Trachtenberg, Linda Wilbrecht, Gordon M. Shepherd, Xiaoqun Zhang, Graham W. Knott, Karel Svoboda^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Neuroscience

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

948 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dendritic spines were imaged over days to months in the apical tufts of neocortical pyramidal neurons (layers 5 and 2/3) in vivo. A fraction of thin spines appeared and disappeared over a few days, while most thick spines persisted for months. In the somatosensory cortex, from postnatal day (PND) 16 to PND 25 spine retractions exceeded additions, resulting in a net loss of spines. The fraction of persistent spines (lifetime ≥ 8 days) grew gradually during development and into adulthood (PND 16-25, 35%; PND 35-80, 54%; PND 80-120, 66%; PND 175-225, 73%), providing evidence that synaptic circuits continue to stabilize even in the adult brain, long after the closure of known critical periods. In 6-month-old mice, spines turn over more slowly in visual compared to somatosensory cortex, possibly reflecting differences in the capacity for experience-dependent plasticity in these brain regions.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	279-291
Number of pages	13
Journal	Neuron
Volume	45
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.003
State	Published - Jan 20 2005

Funding

We thank Brian Chen and Barry Burbach for help with experiments; Vincenzo De Paola, Carlos Portera, Karen Zito, and Egbert Welker for comments on the manuscript; and Josh Sanes for the GFP-M mice. This work was supported by the Netherlands Institute for Brain Research (AH); the Swiss National Foundation (GK); NIH; and HHMI.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Neuroscience

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10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.003

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title = "Transient and persistent dendritic spines in the neocortex in vivo",

abstract = "Dendritic spines were imaged over days to months in the apical tufts of neocortical pyramidal neurons (layers 5 and 2/3) in vivo. A fraction of thin spines appeared and disappeared over a few days, while most thick spines persisted for months. In the somatosensory cortex, from postnatal day (PND) 16 to PND 25 spine retractions exceeded additions, resulting in a net loss of spines. The fraction of persistent spines (lifetime ≥ 8 days) grew gradually during development and into adulthood (PND 16-25, 35%; PND 35-80, 54%; PND 80-120, 66%; PND 175-225, 73%), providing evidence that synaptic circuits continue to stabilize even in the adult brain, long after the closure of known critical periods. In 6-month-old mice, spines turn over more slowly in visual compared to somatosensory cortex, possibly reflecting differences in the capacity for experience-dependent plasticity in these brain regions.",

author = "Holtmaat, {Anthony J G D} and Trachtenberg, {Joshua T.} and Linda Wilbrecht and Shepherd, {Gordon M.} and Xiaoqun Zhang and Knott, {Graham W.} and Karel Svoboda",

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AU - Knott, Graham W.

AU - Svoboda, Karel

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Brian Chen and Barry Burbach for help with experiments; Vincenzo De Paola, Carlos Portera, Karen Zito, and Egbert Welker for comments on the manuscript; and Josh Sanes for the GFP-M mice. This work was supported by the Netherlands Institute for Brain Research (AH); the Swiss National Foundation (GK); NIH; and HHMI.

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N2 - Dendritic spines were imaged over days to months in the apical tufts of neocortical pyramidal neurons (layers 5 and 2/3) in vivo. A fraction of thin spines appeared and disappeared over a few days, while most thick spines persisted for months. In the somatosensory cortex, from postnatal day (PND) 16 to PND 25 spine retractions exceeded additions, resulting in a net loss of spines. The fraction of persistent spines (lifetime ≥ 8 days) grew gradually during development and into adulthood (PND 16-25, 35%; PND 35-80, 54%; PND 80-120, 66%; PND 175-225, 73%), providing evidence that synaptic circuits continue to stabilize even in the adult brain, long after the closure of known critical periods. In 6-month-old mice, spines turn over more slowly in visual compared to somatosensory cortex, possibly reflecting differences in the capacity for experience-dependent plasticity in these brain regions.

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Transient and persistent dendritic spines in the neocortex in vivo

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