TY - JOUR
T1 - Triple-Cation and Mixed-Halide Perovskite Single Crystal for High-Performance X-ray Imaging
AU - Liu, Yucheng
AU - Zhang, Yunxia
AU - Zhu, Xuejie
AU - Feng, Jiangshan
AU - Spanopoulos, Ioannis
AU - Ke, Weijun
AU - He, Yihui
AU - Ren, Xiaodong
AU - Yang, Zhou
AU - Xiao, Fengwei
AU - Zhao, Kui
AU - Kanatzidis, Mercouri
AU - Liu, Shengzhong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0204800/2016YFA0202403), the program of China Scholarship Council (CSC NO. 201906870044), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91733301/61704098/61604091), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA17040506), the DNL Cooperation Fund CAS (DNL180311), the 111 Project (B14041), and the Changjiang Scholar and Innovative Research Team (IRT_14R33). This work made use of the IMSERC NMR facility at Northwestern University, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS‐1542205), Int. Institute of Nanotechnology, and Northwestern University. At Northwestern University, work was also supported in part by DTRA (HDTRA12020002) and by internal funds.
Funding Information:
This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0204800/2016YFA0202403), the program of China Scholarship Council (CSC NO. 201906870044), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91733301/61704098/61604091), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA17040506), the DNL Cooperation Fund CAS (DNL180311), the 111 Project (B14041), and the Changjiang Scholar and Innovative Research Team (IRT_14R33). This work made use of the IMSERC NMR facility at Northwestern University, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205), Int. Institute of Nanotechnology, and Northwestern University. At Northwestern University, work was also supported in part by DTRA (HDTRA12020002) and by internal funds.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2021/2/24
Y1 - 2021/2/24
N2 - Low ionic migration is required for a semiconductor material to realize stable high-performance X-ray detection. In this work, successful controlled incorporation of not only methylammonium (MA+) and cesium (Cs+) cations, but also bromine (Br–) anions into the FAPbI3 lattice to grow inch-sized stable perovskite single crystal (FAMACs SC) is reported. The smaller cations and anions, comparing to the original FA+ and I– help release lattice stress so that the FAMACs SC shows lower ion migration, enhanced hardness, lower trap density, longer carrier lifetime and diffusion length, higher charge mobility and thermal stability, and better uniformity. Therefore, X-ray detectors made of the superior FAMACs SCs show the highest sensitivity of (3.5 ± 0.2) × 106 μC Gyair−1 cm−2, about 29 times higher than the latest record of 1.22 × 105 μC Gyair−1 cm−2 for polycrystalline MAPbI3 wafer under the same 40 keV X-ray radiation. Furthermore, the FAMACs SC X-ray detector shows a low detection limit of 42 nGy s−1, stable dark current, and photocurrent response. Finally, it is demonstrated that high contrast X-ray imaging is realized using the FAMACs SC detector. The effective triple-cation mixed halide strategy and the high crystalline quality make the present FAMACs SCs promising for next-generation X-ray imaging systems.
AB - Low ionic migration is required for a semiconductor material to realize stable high-performance X-ray detection. In this work, successful controlled incorporation of not only methylammonium (MA+) and cesium (Cs+) cations, but also bromine (Br–) anions into the FAPbI3 lattice to grow inch-sized stable perovskite single crystal (FAMACs SC) is reported. The smaller cations and anions, comparing to the original FA+ and I– help release lattice stress so that the FAMACs SC shows lower ion migration, enhanced hardness, lower trap density, longer carrier lifetime and diffusion length, higher charge mobility and thermal stability, and better uniformity. Therefore, X-ray detectors made of the superior FAMACs SCs show the highest sensitivity of (3.5 ± 0.2) × 106 μC Gyair−1 cm−2, about 29 times higher than the latest record of 1.22 × 105 μC Gyair−1 cm−2 for polycrystalline MAPbI3 wafer under the same 40 keV X-ray radiation. Furthermore, the FAMACs SC X-ray detector shows a low detection limit of 42 nGy s−1, stable dark current, and photocurrent response. Finally, it is demonstrated that high contrast X-ray imaging is realized using the FAMACs SC detector. The effective triple-cation mixed halide strategy and the high crystalline quality make the present FAMACs SCs promising for next-generation X-ray imaging systems.
KW - X-ray detectors
KW - X-ray imaging
KW - mixed-halide perovskites
KW - perovskite single crystals
KW - triple-cation strategy
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U2 - 10.1002/adma.202006010
DO - 10.1002/adma.202006010
M3 - Article
C2 - 33475209
AN - SCOPUS:85100137250
SN - 0935-9648
VL - 33
JO - Advanced Materials
JF - Advanced Materials
IS - 8
M1 - 2006010
ER -