Abstract
Non-canonical secretion pathways, collectively known as unconventional protein secretion (UPS), are alternative secretory mechanisms usually associated with stress-inducing conditions. UPS allows proteins that lack a signal peptide to be secreted, avoiding the conventional endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex secretory pathway. Molecules that generally rely on the canonical pathway to be secreted may also use the Golgi bypass, one of the unconventional routes, to reach the extracellular space. UPS studies have been increasingly growing in the literature, including its implication in the biology of several diseases. Intercellular communication between brain tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment is orchestrated by various molecules, including canonical and non-canonical secreted proteins that modulate tumor growth, proliferation, and invasion. Adult brain tumors such as gliomas, which are aggressive and fatal cancers with a dismal prognosis, could exploit UPS mechanisms to communicate with their microenvironment. Herein, we provide functional insights into the UPS machinery in the context of tumor biology, with a particular focus on the secreted proteins by alternative routes as key regulators in the maintenance of brain tumors.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 907423 |
Journal | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
Volume | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 15 2022 |
Funding
This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Processes numbers: RI: 2019/12710-9, 2020/03714-8; MP: 2017/26158-0; RA: 2020/04687-4; ME: 2019/11097-1; CF: 2019/14741-9, 2021/13114-0; MS: 2019/06971-4; 2021/13070-3; SS: 2020/05443-1; JA: 2021/05287-2; AF: 135731/2020-8; JMB: 2020/07450-5; ML: 2018/15557-4 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Processes numbers: JB: 101796/2020-0; ML: 409941/2021-2). DT. US NIH CA234799, S-YC. US NIH NS115403 and Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine. This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Processes numbers: RI: 2019/12710-9, 2020/03714-8; MP: 2017/26158-0; RA: 2020/04687-4; ME: 2019/11097-1; CF: 2019/14741-9, 2021/13114-0; MS: 2019/06971-4; 2021/13070-3; SS: 2020/05443-1; JA: 2021/05287-2; AF: 135731/2020-8; JMB: 2020/07450-5; ML: 2018/15557-4 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Processes numbers: JB: 101796/2020-0; ML: 409941/2021-2). DT. US NIH CA234799, S-YC. US NIH NS115403 and Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine.
Keywords
- ER stress
- brain
- cancer
- glioblastoma
- glioma
- leaderless
- secretion
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology