Urinary Proadrenomedullin and Disease Severity in Children with Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Todd A. Florin*, Lilliam Ambroggio, Samir S. Shah, Richard M. Ruddy, Eric S. Nylen, Lauren Balmert

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Plasma proadrenomedullin (proADM) is a promising biomarker to predict disease severity in community-Acquired pneumonia (CAP). Urinary biomarkers offer advantages over blood, including ease of collection. We evaluated the association between urinary proADM and disease severity in pediatric CAP. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of children 3 months to 18 years with CAP. Urinary proADM/creatinine (Cr) was calculated. Disease severity was defined as: mild (discharged home), mild-moderate (hospitalized but not moderate-severe or severe), moderate-severe (eg, hospitalized with supplemental oxygen and complicated pneumonia) and severe (eg, vasopressors and invasive ventilation). Outcomes were examined using logistic regression within the cohort with suspected CAP and in a subset with radiographic CAP. Results: Of the 427 children included, higher proADM/Cr was associated with increased odds of severe disease compared with nonsevere disease [suspected CAP, odds ratio (OR) 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.003, 1.04); radiographic CAP, OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.01, 1.06)] when adjusted for other covariates. ProADM/Cr had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.56 (threshold 0.9 pmol/mg) to differentiate severe from nonsevere disease in suspected CAP and 0.65 in radiographic CAP (threshold 0.82 pmol/mg). Healthy controls had less proADM in their urine (median, 0.61 pmol/mg) compared with suspected (0.87 pmol/mg, P = 0.018) and radiographic (0.73 pmol/mg, P = 0.016) CAP. Conclusions: Urinary proADM/Cr ratio measured at the time of emergency department visit was statistically associated with the development of severe outcomes in children with CAP, with stronger discriminatory performance in radiographic disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1070-1075
Number of pages6
JournalPediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Volume40
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2021

Funding

This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23AI121325 and R03AI147112 to TAF and K01AI125413 to LA), the Gerber Foundation (to TAF), NIH/NCRR and Cincinnati Center for Clinical and Translational Science and Training (5KL2TR000078 to TAF), and the CCHMC Division of Emergency Medicine Small Grant program. The funders did not have any role in study design, data collection, statistical analysis, or manuscript preparation.

Keywords

  • Pneumonia
  • biomarkers
  • children
  • emergency medicine
  • proadrenomedullin

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

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