TY - JOUR
T1 - Vortex formation during magnetization reversal of Co slotted nanorings
AU - He, Kai
AU - Agarwal, Nipun
AU - Smith, David J.
AU - McCartney, Martha R.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-FG02-04ER46168. The authors acknowledge the use of facilities in the John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy and the Center for Solid State Electronics Research at Arizona State University.
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Electron holography can provide direct visualization and quantitative information about magnetization configurations, which is essential for determination of reversal mechanisms. The remanent states and switching behavior of Co slotted nanorings have been investigated using off-axis electron holography and Lorentz microscopy. The 30-nm-thick Co elements, with outer and inner diameters of 450 and 150 nm, and slot angle of 60° were lithographically patterned into 3x3 arrays. Depending on whether the external field was applied parallel or perpendicular to the slot direction, the individual elements exhibited onion or flux-closure configurations at remanence, with three-step or one-step hysteresis behavior, respectively. Vortex formation was observed during the three-step magnetization reversal, whereas abrupt reversal in the chirality of flux closure states was evident for the one-step hysteresis loop.
AB - Electron holography can provide direct visualization and quantitative information about magnetization configurations, which is essential for determination of reversal mechanisms. The remanent states and switching behavior of Co slotted nanorings have been investigated using off-axis electron holography and Lorentz microscopy. The 30-nm-thick Co elements, with outer and inner diameters of 450 and 150 nm, and slot angle of 60° were lithographically patterned into 3x3 arrays. Depending on whether the external field was applied parallel or perpendicular to the slot direction, the individual elements exhibited onion or flux-closure configurations at remanence, with three-step or one-step hysteresis behavior, respectively. Vortex formation was observed during the three-step magnetization reversal, whereas abrupt reversal in the chirality of flux closure states was evident for the one-step hysteresis loop.
KW - Holography
KW - Magnetization reversal
KW - Three-step hysteresis loop
KW - Vortex formation
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U2 - 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2024896
DO - 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2024896
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:70350608303
VL - 45
SP - 3885
EP - 3888
JO - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
JF - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
SN - 0018-9464
IS - 10
M1 - 5257002
ER -