Abstract
The yolk sac is the first fetal membrane to be formed in all mammals and is the oldest of the extra-embryonic membranes. The yolk sac is a bilayer structure of mesoderm- and endoderm-derived cell layers. Its development and destiny vary greatly across mammals and developmental stage, even within the same species. The yolk sac is the first site of blood cell production during mouse and human ontogeny and contributes to subsequent erythropoiesis, hematopoiesis and vascular development for the whole embryo. Recent studies support a hypothesis that maternal diabetes-induced birth defects are associated with the adverse effect of hyperglycemia on yolk sac vasculogenesis. Small molecules have been developed to target yolk sac vasculogenesis for treating maternal diabetes-induced birth defects.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Reproduction |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Pages | 551-558 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780128151457 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2018 |
Keywords
- Birth defects
- Blood islands
- Definitive hematopoiesis
- Erythropoiesis
- Hemangioblast
- Hematopoiesis
- Primary yolk sac
- Primitive capillary plexus
- Primitive hematopoiesis
- Second yolk sac
- Vascular remodeling
- Vasculogenesis
- Vasculopathy
- Yolk sac
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine
