@article{b636500a1dfd48578fe132b7d597873a,
title = "Yttrium-90 Radioembolization and Tumor Hypoxia: Gas-challenge BOLD Imaging in the VX2 Rabbit Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma",
abstract = "Rationale and Objectives: To use a rapid gas-challenge blood oxygen-level dependent magnetic resonance imaging exam to evaluate changes in tumor hypoxia after 90Y radioembolization (Y90) in the VX2 rabbit model. Materials and Methods: White New Zealand rabbits (n = 11) provided a Y90 group (n = 6 rabbits) and untreated control group (n = 5 rabbits). R2* maps were generated with gas-challenges (O2/room air) at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks post-Y90. Laboratory toxicity was evaluated at baseline, 24 hours, 72 hours, 1 hours, and 2 weeks. Histology was used to evaluate tumor necrosis on hematoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescence imaging was used to assess microvessel density (CD31) and proliferative index (Ki67). Results: At baseline, median tumor volumes and time to imaging were similar between groups (p = 1.000 and p = 0.4512, respectively). The median administered dose was 50.4 Gy (95% confidence interval:44.8–55.9). At week 2, mean tumor volumes were 5769.8 versus 643.7 mm3 for control versus Y90 rabbits, respectively (p = 0.0246). At two weeks, ΔR2* increased for control tumors to 12.37 ± 12.36sec−1 and decreased to 4.48 ± 9.00sec−1 after Y90. The Pearson correlation coefficient for ΔR2* at baseline and percent increase in tumor size by two weeks was 0.798 for the Y90 group (p = 0.002). There was no difference in mean microvessel density for control versus Y90 treated tumors (p = 0.6682). The mean proliferative index was reduced in Y90 treated tumors at 30.5% versus 47.5% for controls (p = 0.0071). Conclusion: The baseline ΔR2* of tumors prior to Y90 may be a predictive imaging biomarker of tumor response and treatment of these tumors with Y90 may influence tumor oxygenation over time.",
keywords = "Hepatic radioembolization, Magnetic resonance imaging, Oxygenation, Yttrium-90",
author = "Gordon, {Andrew C.} and White, {Sarah B.} and Gates, {Vanessa L.} and Daniel Procissi and Harris, {Kathleen R.} and Yihe Yang and Zhuoli Zhang and Weiguo Li and Tianchu Lyu and Xiaoke Huang and Omary, {Reed A.} and Riad Salem and Lewandowski, {Robert J.} and Larson, {Andrew C.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: We are grateful for the generous funding provided by the SIR Foundation Allied Scientist Grant (ACG) and the Department of Radiology of the Feinberg School of Medicine . ACG Medical Scientist Training Program ( T32GM008152 ). Dose vials, administration kits, and additional funding for research materials were provided through an Investigator Initiated Study (IIS) grant from BTG. RS is supported in part by NIH grant CA126809 . SBW receives salary support from NIH grant 5R25 CA 132822-03 and a RSNA Foundation Research Scholar Grant . The listed authors performed data collection, analysis, and manuscript preparation independently without assistance from funding sources. Histology services were provided by the Northwestern University Mouse Histology and Phenotyping Laboratory which is supported by NCI P30-CA060553 and the Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Pathology Core Facility (Bernice Frederick, Adriana Rosca, Demirkan G{\"u}rsel). Funding Information: Funding: We are grateful for the generous funding provided by the SIR Foundation Allied Scientist Grant (ACG) and the Department of Radiology of the Feinberg School of Medicine. ACG Medical Scientist Training Program (T32GM008152). Dose vials, administration kits, and additional funding for research materials were provided through an Investigator Initiated Study (IIS) grant from BTG. RS is supported in part by NIH grant CA126809. SBW receives salary support from NIH grant 5R25 CA 132822-03 and a RSNA Foundation Research Scholar Grant. The listed authors performed data collection, analysis, and manuscript preparation independently without assistance from funding sources. Histology services were provided by the Northwestern University Mouse Histology and Phenotyping Laboratory which is supported by NCI P30-CA060553 and the Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Pathology Core Facility (Bernice Frederick, Adriana Rosca, Demirkan G?rsel). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Association of University Radiologists",
year = "2021",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.012",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "28",
pages = "849--858",
journal = "Academic Radiology",
issn = "1076-6332",
publisher = "Elsevier USA",
number = "6",
}